Russia and Eastern Europe after the Cold War

19 important questions on Russia and Eastern Europe after the Cold War

What happenend to the 15 indepenent states in Russia after the Cold War?

Russia stayed communist. The Baltic countries were Western orientated and became democratic. Many others became dictatorships.

Why did the 15 states have to form a new regeme?

Because they didn't have an own goverment, because of the Soviet Union.

What were the economic and political problems in Russia when they tried to transition from a communist planned country to a Western style free market?

It did not turn out to be easy. The economic problems that had already risen under Gorbachev increased. Some managed to become incredibly rich, but most suffered from severe poverty. Corruption and crime rates rose dramatically. President Yeltsin became more and more unpopular and resigned in 1999 because of severe health problems.
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Where did Vladimir Putin get his support from?

He made deals with the rich who already had political power and allowed them their positions in exchange for support.

What did Putin achieve in his first and second term?

He launched project to improve healthcare, education and infrastructure.

How did Putin stay in power after his second term?

His prime minister Dimiti Medvedev was elected president, Putin became prime minister. After four years, Putin was re-elected president.

What do critical people say about Putin's current position?

They see him as a dictator: he does not allow demonstrations and he persecutes journalists who are critical of him.

How did Crimea in 1945 come in the hands of Ukraine?

Soviet leader Krushchev gave Crimea to Ukraine (at that time a Soviet state)

What happened with Crimea when Ukraine became independent?

Crimea stayed a part of Ukraine, the people in Crimea wanted to join Russia. This did not happen and they got some amount of autonomy.

What happened in 2014 when pro-Russian Crimean people organised a referendum about splitting of Ukrain and joining Russia?

The pro-Russians won. Russia took it seriously and annexed Crimea. Russians in Eastern-Ukraine also wanted to join Russia. Their provinces declared independence against the will of the Ukrainian government with a civil war as result.

In which two Eastern-Europe satellite state was the transition from communism to another form of government not peaceful?

Yugoslavia & Rumania

What was the reason for the civil war that broke out in 1990s in Yugoslavia?

Yugoslavia was a multi-ethnic state, dominated by Serbs. From 1980, there was no strong leader and tension grew.

What happened in 1991 with Croatia?

The anti-Serbian majority in Croatia (and Macedonia) decided to break away from Yugoslavia. The Serbian minority (supported by the Yugoslavian government -> Milosevic) occupied parts of the new country and tried to get rid of the Croatians (ethnic cleansing)

What happened in 1992 with Herzegovina?

The same happened as in Croatia. The Serbian minority was lead by Mladic.

When did the Yugoslavian war end?

In 1995 with a peacetreaty

Did the peace stay after the Yugoslavian war ended in 1995?

No, in 1998, a new war started between the Serbs and the population of Kosovo.

Why was Dutchbat in Sebrenica?

They were there under the UN to defend Sebrenica a shelter for Muslim Bosnians.

What happened with the Dutchbat in Sebrenica when the Serbs attacked in 1995?

Dutchbat was not prepared and was not able to avoid the killing of 7000 men and boys (genocide).

What do we now think of the role of Dutchbat?

It is still not clear what happened and who is responsible.

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