Summary: Hjudyyeh Nuclear Reaction

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• 1 alpha decay

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• What happens with the atomic and mass number of an atom when alpha decay happens?

  with alpha decay, the atom spits out two protons and two neutrons. So the number down goes down, -2 and the mass number goes down, -4. So the atom jumps back two places in the periodic table, getting 4 "units" lighter. Being smaller makes the atom more stable so "happier". The side product is the alpha particle, which is a helium atom, atomic number 2, mass number 4. Can be written in equations with the Greece alpha symbol or He symbol.

• what more do I remember of this

  in another video that I watched I remember something about two forces acting in the nucleus of an atom, one was keeping stuff together, the other was driving the pieces apart. It is a balance. This balance get disturbed when the atoms become too big. I am not 100% but I thought that was around atomic number 90. So this alpha decay is an action of the bigger atoms higher up in the periodic table

• 2 beta decay

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• why do atoms want "to do beta decay"?

  its a bit of a simple answer :-) because they have too many neutrons and too little protons. So to rebalance, one neutron transforms itself into a proton

• what happens during beta decay

  an element, in the nucleus a neutron (only mass no electric charge) transforms itself into a proton. So the protons go one up and the mass number stays the same (both neutrons and protons have mass). So a new element is created with the same mass numbers.

• what happens with the element in the periodic table ?

  since the neutrons transform into a proton, the number of protons goes one up. So the atomic number goes one up, so 5 becomes 6 6 becomes 7 etc. So it goes one up, while in alpha decay it was two down (two protons and two neutrons were released) here it goes one up in the table. Besides that an electron is shoot out in the electronic cloud around the nucleus, to make sure + and - in the element stays equal.

• 3 positron decay

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• what is positron decay?

  In positron decay, the problems of the atom are having too many protons and not enough neutrons. That makes them "unhappy" and "unstable". What happens in positron decay is a proton transforms into a neutron.In the decay process besides  an atom also a positron particle gets created

• What is a positron?

  It is a positively charged electron. It weighs nothing and has a positive charge. This makes sense since a proton (positively charged) transforms into a neutron, the mass stays but the electric charges get "released", the positron particle.

• what is the connection between a positron and electron?

  both have the same mass, almost zero, an electron is positively charged and an electron is negatively charged. In the creation of positron decay, a proton transforms in to a neutron, So the amount of

• what is the symbol for a positron

  a beta sign (like beta decay) in beta decay it has mass number zero and electrical charge -1, a position has mass number 0 and electrical charge +1

• 4 electron capture

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• why are these reaction called "nuclear" process"?

  because whatever transformation is happening in the atom takes places in the atom itself and affects the composition (number of protons and/or neutrons) of the atom.