Assingments
12 important questions on Assingments
Person-years lived between ages x and x+1 =
n= length of time interval
Life Expectancy (LE) VS Years of Life Lost (YLL)
- measures what is being achieved
- average expressed for 1 person
- number of years someone can expect to live
Years of Life Lost (YLL)
- measures what is being lost
- is expressed for the whole population
- number of years of potential life lost if dying before a certain age
Expected and potential years of life lost ((EYLL)(PYLL))
- uses population life expectancy at the individual's age of death
- problem 1 = different countries may have different life expectancies
- changes in mortality change life expectancy
- alternative: reference is to an 'ideal' life expectancy
Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL)
- uses fixed age, typically 75
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Survival curve: split by health
health expectancy: area representing good health
Can we make one single measure that takes severity into account? (opname van ernst)
health-adjusted life expectancy:
healthy years + part of unhealthy years (part = weighted with a 'disability weight')
(DALY) Disability-adjusted life-years
health gap measure that includes morbidity
Years of life lost berekenen
N = Number of deaths
L = life expectancy (in standard liftable) at age of death (years)
What is the essential data to calculate DALYs
- General
- demographic data (population numbers by age and sex)
- Years of life lost (YLL)
- epidemiological data on disease-specific mortality by age (and sex)
- age-specific life expectancy
- years lived with disability (YLD)
- epidemiological data on prevalence of disease (or: incidence and duration) by age (and sex)
- health status valuations (disability weights)
Why would you measure health and disease?
- population health
- trends
- differences between groups
Summary measures of population health (SMPH)
there are many aspects of health:
- mortality
- morbidity
- quality of life
- disability
- autonomy
- participation in society...
History of Global Burden of Disease (GBD); 3 gebeurtenissen
- World bank report (1993)
- expanded in the full publication on the fist GBD study (1990 (Murray and Lopez 1996))
- assessment of mortality and disability from disease
- first global burden of disease project
- new analysis
- development of the DALY
Three major objectives for global burden of disease (GBD)
- Inclusion of non-fatal health outcomes
- independent, objective evaluations
- measure comparable to that used in cost-effectiveness (QALY)
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