Introduction - Individualism

9 important questions on Introduction - Individualism

What does the individualistic/collectivistic dimension describe?

The relationship between the individual and the collectivity which prevails in a given society and is reflected in the way people live together, e.g. in nuclear families, extended families, or tribes, and by societal norms or value systems.

What does the individualistic/collectivistic dimension affect?

Both people's mental programming and the structure and functioning of many other types of institutions besides the family: educational, religious, political, and utilitarian.

What describes a highly collectivist culture?

An individual does not think of him/herself as an individual and this manifests itself in many ways.
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What describes individualistic cultures?

Identity resides in the individual. Everyone has a right to a private life and opinion. These value standards apply to all (universalism).

What describes collectivistic cultures?

They reflect a norm for identity that is "we" oriented and, therefore, is based on the social system rather than the individual. Private life is invaded by the organization and/or clan to which one belongs, opinions are predetermined, and value standards differ for ingroups and outgroups (particularism).

What describes employees from cultures that are highly individualistic?

They tend to be emotionally independent from the company where individual initiative is encouraged. Managers aspire to leadership positions and rate having autonomy as important.

What describes employees in low individualistic countries?

They are emotionally dependent on the organization where individual initiative is socially frowned upon (fatalism). Managers aspire to conformity and orderliness and rate security as important.

What is often found in collectivist cultures?

A high-context communication style (where little needs to be said because most information is contained in the environment of the person).

What is often found in individualist cultures?

A low-context communication style (where most of the information is vested in the explicit code).

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