Case 6 Red but not blue
7 important questions on Case 6 Red but not blue
3 layers that cover the kidneys
Perirenal fat capsule
Fibrous capsule (prevents spread of infections)
Which type of capillaries are in the glomerulus
Epithelial cells distal convoluted tubule
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Cells in the collecting duct
Intercalated cells, cuboidal with very much microvilli. (type a and b, role in acid-base balance)
Juxtaglomerular Complex and its cell types
Cell types:
- Macula densa: tall, closely packed cells of ascending loop of hence, lies against granular cells of afferent arteriole. It are chemoreceptors that monitor the NaCl content of the filtrate entering the DCT
- Granular Cells: in arteriolar walls, smooth muscle cells with renin. Act as mechanoreceptors that sets blood pressure in afferent arteriole.
- Extraglomerular mesangial cells: between arteriole and tubule cells, have gap junctions, can pass regulatory signals between macular densa and granular cells.
Pressures that drive filtration
- Colloid osmotic pressure (Pi) higher inside glomerular capillaries due to the presence of proteins in the plasma, approx. 30 mmHg against filtration
- Hydrostatic fluid pressure (Pfluid) fluid moving into the capsule, approx. 15 mmHg against filtration
NFP = Ph - Pi - Pfluid = 55 - 30 - 15 = 10 mmHg
Glomerular filtration rate
125 mL/min or 180 L/day
GFR = Kf x NFP
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