Nervous system - Lecture Twenty : Neuroanatomy III - Anatomy and function of the spinal cord and spinal nerves
4 important questions on Nervous system - Lecture Twenty : Neuroanatomy III - Anatomy and function of the spinal cord and spinal nerves
What are the 5 regions of the vertebrae column ?
- Cervical : 7
- Thoracic : 12
- Lumbar : 5
- Sacrum : 5 fused sacral vertebrae
- Coccyx : 4 fused coccygeal vertebrae
Describe the external features of the spinal cord ?
- The spinal cord sits inside the foramina(hole) of the vertebrae.
- Starts at the foramen magnum (hole in the base of the skull).
- Nerve roots exit the spinal cord and vertebrae colum at levels corresponding to the vertebral bodies.
- Spinal cord finishes at the L1/L2 level of the spinal cord. At this level, the spinal cord tapers off at a structure called the conus medularis.
Describe the internal structure of the spinal cord ?
- Everything coming off the spinal cord is part of the PNS.
- Columns = bundles of axons (white matter)
- Horns = bundles of cell bodies (grey matter)
- Dorsal roots = Carry afferent information (into the spinal cord)
- Ventral roots = Carry efferent information (out of the spinal cord)
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Describe and explain the structure of a Peripheral Nerve ?
- Individual axons may or may not be myelinated.
- Axons are covered in endoneurium.
- Endoneurium-covered axons form bundles called fascicles.
- Fascicles are covered in perineurium.
- Fascicles bundle with each other and blood vessels to form a nerve.
- These nerves are covered in epineurium.
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