Lecture Six : Joints II - Joint Classifications
7 important questions on Lecture Six : Joints II - Joint Classifications
Explain the structure of the Synovial Joint ?
- Bony congruence (bone ends) : contributing factor to the range of motion at a joint. The higher the bony congruence, the more stable and less mobile a joint will be.
- Articular cartilage : Covers bone ends where they articulate. The bone underneath cartilage (subchondral bone) is smooth.
- Synovial membrane : lines the inner surface of the joint capsule and secretes synovial fluid.
- Synovial fluid : Clear liquid which lubricates the joint.
- Menisci : Discs of fibrocartilage which deepen articulation, making the joint more stable.
What is a Hinge Joint ?
- Examples are Ankle, Elbow and Interphalangeal joints
- Uniaxial
- Movements that occurs in this joint are Flexion and Extension
What is a Saddle Joint ?
- Example is the base of thumb
- Biaxial
- Movements that occur in this joint is Circumduction and obligatory rotation
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What is an Ellipsoid Joint ?
- Example is the radiocarpal joint
- Biaxial
- Movements that occur in this joint are Flexion, Extension, Adduction and Abduction
What is a Condylar Joint ?
- Example is the knee
- Biaxial
- Movements that occur in this joint is Flexion, Extension and Rotation (when the knee is flexed)
What is the Plane Joint ?
- Examples are the intercarpal, intertarsal and intervertebral joints
- Multiaxial
- Movements that occur in this joint are Sliding and Gliding
What is a Ball and Socket Joint ?
- Examples are the Hip and Shoulder
- Multiaxial
- Movements that occur in this joint are Extension, Flexion, Adduction, Abduction and Rotation
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