Physiology kidney
22 important questions on Physiology kidney
What happens to the GFR if you vasoconstrict the afferent or efferent the arteriole?
Efferent: GFR increases
What is the formula for GFR?
Uc = urine concentration of creatinine
V = urine volume per unit of time
Pc = plasma concentration of creatinine
What is renal clearance?
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What is the formula for clearance?
Ug = urine concentration of G
V = urine volume
Pg = plasma concentration of G
How does clearance relate to GFR?
If there is net secretion: renal clearance > GFR
If there is net absorption: renal clearance < GFR
What is the function of the intracellular fluid (ICF)?
How is water exchanged between ICF and ECF? What about electrolytes?
Electrolytes: via transporters/channels
How is Na+ reabsorbed in the proximal tubule?
How is Na+ reabsorbed in the ascending limb of the loop of henle?
How is Na+ reabsorbed in the distal tubule and cortical collecting duct?
What is the function of aldosterone on reabsorption of water and Na+? What happens to the blood pressure?
The blood pressure increases.
What happens to the blood pressure if you block aldosterone?
What is the renin-angiotensin system?
What causes vasopressin to be high?
- Angiotensin II
- Pain
- Emotion
- Stress
- Pregnancy
- Nicotine
What causes vasopressin to be low?
- Alcohol
- Caffeine
What is the effect of vasopressin on aquaporins?
Why is there an osmolarity gradient between the loop of henle and the distal tubule?
What is the pH of blood when you speak of alkalosis?
What are buffer systems in the intracellular fluid?
- Phosphate buffer system
- Protein buffer system
- Hemoglobin buffer system
What are buffer systems in the extracellular fluid?
- Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system
- Protein buffer system
What is the role of the respiratory system in acid-base balance?
What is the role of the urinary system in the acid-base balance?
- Major action of the kidneys: elemination of H+ ions by altering plasma bicarbonate concentration
- 'Reabsorption' of bicarbonate
- Addition of HCO3- to the plasma by the kidneys
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