Cytology- Study of cells

11 important questions on Cytology- Study of cells

Polygonal Cell Shape

- irregular angular shapes with four, five, or more sides
-may resemble cuboidal or columnar in frontal view, but often polygonal in an end view (like a quartz crystal)

Stellate Cell Shape

-multiple pointed processes projecting from body of cell
-somewhat starlike shape
-cell bodies of many nerve cells are stellate

Spheroidal to Ovoid Cell Shape

-round to oval shape
-egg cells and white blood cells
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Discoid Cell Shape

-disc-shaped
-red blood cells

Fusiform Cell Shape

-spindle or toothpick- shaped
elongated with thick middle and tapered ends
-smooth muscle cells

Fibrous Cell Shape

-long, slender, and threadlike
-skeletal muscle cells and the axons (nerve fibers) of nerve cells

Basal Surface of Cell

-lower part of cell
-often attached to an extracellular "basement membrane"

Intracellular Face of Plasma Membrane

-faces the cytoplasm

Extracellular Face of Plasma Membrane

-side that faces outward

Anatomical Structure of Phospholipid

-hydrophilic head, at the top of the head is the nitrogen-containing group (CHOLINE), phosphate group, and glycerol.
-head is made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus
-hydrophobic fatty acid tails (2)
-tails are made up of carbon and hydrogen

Cell-Adhesion Molecules (CAMs)

-cells bind to each other and extracellular material through cell-adhesion molecules
- cells do not normally grow or survive unless are mechanically linked to the extracellular material (except blood cells and metastasizing cancer cells)
-sperm-egg binding and binding of an immune cell to a cancer cell requires CAMs as well

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