Reproductive systems - Relevant structures male & female
20 important questions on Reproductive systems - Relevant structures male & female
What are the peritoneal spaces?
Why are these peritoneal spaces relevant for medical practice?
How is the blood supply to and from the testes/ovaries?
- Blood supply from the testes: testicular vein, blood supply from the ovaries: ovarian vein (both directly to the vena cava)
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Which artery/vein is an exception on this?
What are the three places in the lower abdomen with the most lymphoid structures, and why is this important?
- This is relevant for metastasis.
How is the innervation of the elements of the reproductive system?
- In the autonomous system, the organs are innervated by the superior hypogastric plexus and the inferior hypogastric plexus.
What is the inguinal canal?
What happens in the development of the reproductive organs in males in week 8?
- The gabernaculum develops and attaches to the testis and epididymis caudally
What is the next step in the development of the male reproductive system?
What happens while the torso of the embryo grows faster?
- and form the processus vaginalis (which is an outpouching of the peritoneum)
What happens after the formation of the processus vaginalis?
- and the distal part forms the tunica vaginalis
(when it remains intact, it can cause problems)
What happens to the vas deferens after the obliteration of the processus vaginalis?
In this process of the descending of the testis and epididymis in the scrotum, what is the consequence for the layers of the scrotum?
What is the structure of the 'walls' of the inguinal canal?
- The anterior (or lateral) wall is formed by the external oblique
- The posterior (or medial) wall is formed by transverse fascia
- The inferior wall (floor) is formed by the inguinal ligament
- The superior wall (roof) is formed by the internal oblique abdominal muscle and by the transverse abdominis muscle
What are the contents of the inguinal canal in males?
- Spermatic cord
- Ilioinguinal nerve
For what kind of innervation is the ilioinguinal canal?
- Motoric innervation for the muscles of the abdominal wall
What are the contents of the inguinal canal in females?
- The round ligament of the uterus
- Ilioinguinal nerve
What is an inguinal hernia?
What are two possible places for herniation in the inguinal canal?
- Through the deep inguinal ring, which is a lateral or indirect hernia
- Through the transverse fascia, which is a medial or direct hernia
When does it need to be treated, and how is it treated?
- Muscles are attached to the inguinal ligament, or clips and mesh patches are used to keep everything in place
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