The reproductive system in females

20 important questions on The reproductive system in females

What is typical about oogenesis?

Oogenesis begins before birth, accelerates at puberty (menarch), and ends at menopause.

How and when are gonads formed?

Primordial germ cells migrate to genital ridge in the developing embryo, this happens around 4 to 6 weeks after fertilization.

When does a secondary oocyte develop?

A secundary oocyte develops at the time of ovulation, meiose I is finished at that point.
  • Higher grades + faster learning
  • Never study anything twice
  • 100% sure, 100% understanding
Discover Study Smart

What is a primordial follicle?

A primary oocyte with the surrounding flat epithelial cells.

What happens to oocytes after birth?

Oocytes become atretic (cell death) continuously after birth.

What is the corona radiata?

The corona radiata is a layer of granulosa cells.

What is the difference between a polar body and an oocyte?

A polar body has much less cytoplasm than an oocyte.

What is the difference between male and female gametogenesis?

Gametogenesis in male occurs from puberty onwards, female gametogenesis is finished before birth (primary), then resumes at puberty and finishes at the menopause.

What are protein complexes used for?

Protein complexes are used to transit to a new stage, and thus can also be used to arrest transition to a new stage.

What is the mechanism of MPF? What is the role of APC/C?

MPF is a cyclin B1 & CDK1 complex. The function of MPF is to promote cell cycle with aid of APC/C. 
Cyclin B1 is a regulatory subunit that keeps CDK1 inactive. APC/C degrades cyclin B1, leaving CDK1 active.
No APC/C causes cell cycle arrest (CDK1 inactive). Mos–MEK–MAPK–p90Rsk–Erp1/Emi2 (cytostatic factor) pathway keeps APC/C inactive, leading to meiotic arrest.

What is the diplotene stage?

The diplotene stage is the prophase of meiosis I. The primary oocytes remain arrested in the prophase of meiosis I until puberty.

What happens in the luteal phase when there is no fertilization?

During the luteal phase the corpus luteum is developed into a corpus albicans when there is no fertilization.

What is the function of uterine tubes?

Uterine tubes function as transport route from ovaries to uterus.

What causes movement in the uterine tubes?

Cilia

What are the three layers of the uterus wall?

  • Endometrium (thin, inner glandular mucosa)
  • Myometrium (outer muscular layer)
  • Perimetrium (an incomplete serosa (smooth membrane) continuous with the peritoneum)

What happens during the different uterine cycle phases?

  • Menses: degeneration of functional zone
  • Proliferative phase: restoration of the endometrium
  • Secretory phase: endometrial glands enlarge and accelerate their rates of secretion

In which layer of the cell wall do the changes of the uterine cycle occur?

The endometrium

Which hormones control the female reproductive cycle?

  • FSH
  • Estrogen
  • GnRH
  • LH

What is the function of FSH in the female reproductive cycle?

FSH signals to ovaries --> stimulation of follicle growth --> secrete inhibin + estrogen

What is the function of estrogen in the female reproductive cycle?

Estrogen --> first 10 days cycle: inhibition of LH, after 10 days: secretion of LH

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

  • A unique study and practice tool
  • Never study anything twice again
  • Get the grades you hope for
  • 100% sure, 100% understanding
Remember faster, study better. Scientifically proven.
Trustpilot Logo