Neuronal development and the brain
24 important questions on Neuronal development and the brain
What is the Piaget’s object permanence task?
When and how does the central nervous system begin to form?
How does the brain from three vesicles go to the five vesicle stage?
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What is the difference between sulci, fissures, and gyri?
What is the function of glial cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes)? How do oligodendrocytes do this?
Oligodendrocytes produce myeline.
What are the 8 phases in embryonic and fetal brain development at a cellular level?
- Mitosis/Profileration
- Migration
- Differentiation
- Aggregation
- Synaptogenesis
- Neuron Death
- Synapse Rearrangement
- Myelination
What does the neuroepithelial layer give rise to?
Explain the difference between symmetric and asymmetric division using neuroepithelial of the neural tube.
The stem cells can also divide into one stem cell and one committed cell, this is called asymmetric division.
What happens during the first step of brain development, mitosis/proliferation?
Where does the first step of brain development, mitosis/proliferation take place?
What happens during the second step of brain development, migration?
How do neurons know where to migrate to?
Also neurons have growth cones that sense the right cues to grow into the right direction.
What is the order of radial glia and neurons?
What happens during the third step of brain development, differentiation?
How do neurons know what to become?
What can you say about the BMP concentrations where pyramidal neurons and astrocytes are formed?
What is the advantage of myeline around neurons?
What happens during the fourth phase of brain development, aggregation?
What happens during the fifth phase of brain development, synaptogenesis?
Explain the difference between axo-dendritic, axo-somatic, and axo-axonic.
Axo-somatic means that an axon is connected to the body of another neuron.
Axo-axonic means that an axon is connected to an axon of another neuron.
What is important in knowing where to go, for neurons but also for synapses?
Why do during the sixth phase of brain development neurons die?
What happens during the seventh phase of brain development, synapse rearrangement?
In the end this causes one single nerve cell to be innervating with a single muscle cells.
What happens during the eight phase of brain development, myelination? Why is this necessary?
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