Summary: Human Memory | Radvansky

Read the summary and the most important questions on Human Memory | Radvansky

• 4 Sensory and short-term memory

• 4.5.5.4 memory for serial order

• what is memory for serial order?

  remembering the order of a certain series

• what are 3 classe of theories explaining it?

  1. chaining models: series of associative links, info recovered moving along the associative chain

  2. ordinal models: order captured by where an item occurs on a dimension relative to others

  3. positional models: associating each item with position in sequence

• 4.5.5.4.2 ordinal models

• what are 2 kinds of ordinal models?

  1. perturbation models: units remembered in hierarchy of chunks regulated by control units

  2. inhibition models: first unit retrieved, then inhibited, because of the inhibition next one is recalled. -> shown in repetition blindness

• 4.5.5.4.3 positional models

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• two kinds of positional models?

  1. slot-based models: items saved in a series of ordered slots - not a lot of evidence

  2. contex-based models -> items saved with context, recall order of context to recall serial info

• 5 Working memory

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• 5.1.1 phonological loop

• which 2 components does the phonological loop consist of?

  1. phonological store: temporary storehouse

  2. articulatory loop: for active rehearsal

• 5.1.1.2 phenomena

• which phenomena - that are evidence for the phonological loop- does the phonological loop show?

  - word length effect: word span is smaller for longer than for short words

  - articulatory suppression: reduced verbal span when someone is speaking while trying to remember a set of items

  - irrelevant speech effect: phonological loop less efficient when irrelevant speech in the background

  - phonological similarity effect: the more phonologically similar items in set, the more memory errors are made

  - lexicality effect: memory spans larger for lists of words than nonwords -> shows that semantics from long-term mem is used to support and reconstruct info in phonological store

• 5.1.2 Visuo-spatial sketchpad

• what are processes the visua-spatial sketchpad is involved in?

  - mental images

  - visual scanning

  - mental rotation

  - boundary extension

  - dynamic memory

• 5.1.2.2 visual scanning

• what is a characteristic of visual scanning?

  mental scanning increases proportionally with the distance that needs to be covered -> so processing info in visuo-spatial sktchp had isomorphic perceptual qualities like the real world

• 5.1.2.3 mental rotation

• whata re characteristics of mental rotation?

  characteristics that mimic physical rotation

  - refelcts embodied cognition ; performed like actually rotatin an object

• 5.1.2.4 boundary extension

• what is boundary extension? what are properties of it?

  mentally filingi n beyond the edges of what we see with what we think should be there.

   

  - but not automatic or unconscious:

  * what they see must be perceived as scene from the world

  * must be a background

   

  depends on knowledge of long-term memory