Urinary tract histology introduction
11 important questions on Urinary tract histology introduction
Which structures make contraction (out going pre-urine) possible in the glomerulus vascular ball? (verbeteren dit)
endothelial cells
GBM
What is the function of the urinary system?
- Remove waste products
- regulate balance between water and electrolytes (blood pressure)
- regulate pH of the blood (acid-base balance)
- secretion of various hormones
- Renin: blood pressure (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system, RAAS)
- Erytrhopoietin (EPO): erythrocyte production
Of what cells does the renal body consist?
- Podocytes
- Endothelial cell
- Mesangial cell
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What structure is the 'filter' of the kidney?
Pre-urine end up in Bowmans space and goes toward the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
kidney filters blood 60x a day
not everything of this goes to urethra (resorption)
What about the proximal convoluted tubule?
- Reabsorption
- nutrients
- proteins
- water + electrolytes
- But also secretion
- bile salts
- creatinine
- ammonia
lot of mitochondria
What about the Distal convoluted tubule?
- Reabsorption
- electrolytes
- Juxtaglomerular apparatus around/at edge of distal tuble near the afferent pole
RAS blood pressure regulation
What about the collecting duct?
- In the cortex and medulla
- ADH increase water reabsorption for more concentrated urine.
Filtrate urine route and link between blood
- Collecting ducts converge in renal Pelvis
- via ureters to bladder -> storage
- export via urethra
- hypertonic fluid -> special protecting epithelial layer
Of what does the Urothelium/transitional epithelium consist?
- Basal layer
- intermediate layer (few cells thick, cuboidal to columnar)
- superficial layer with big umbrella cells
- specialized cells
- aimed to protect underlying cells against the cytotoxic effects of hypertonic urine.
Of what three layers does the bladder consist?
muscle layer
adventitia
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