Summary: Humanities

Read the summary and the most important questions on humanities

• Renaissance Foundations (I): Humanism

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• On page 176 of your text book, Patrick Nuttgens states: ‘A mason working on Milan Cathedral (the greatest and according to some the only true Gothic cathedral in Italy) in the 1420’s could have travelled to __________ 150 miles (240km) away and found work there on a cathedral that represented a quite different attitude towards design.  The work in question was the dome of _____________ cathedral (1420-1434).The above blanks contain the same word.  Fill them in with one of the choices below:

  
  1.Florence

• On page 176 of your text book, Patrick Nuttgens states, in reference to the answer of the previous question: ‘its architect, _____________, who had trained as a goldsmith, was revolutionizing design and taste.’Fill in the above blank with one of the choices below:

  1.Filippo Brunelleschi

• On page 176 of your text book, Patrick Nuttgens states, in reference to the architecture of Filippo Brunelleschi:  ‘That dome was by no means Brunelleschi’s only or his most revolutionary contribution to the new movement,  His _________________ of 1421, simple and serene, with graceful arcades of round-headed arches above slim Corinthian columns, plain rectangular windows directly above the centre of each arch and simple triangular pediment, was another inaugural building of the Renaissance.Fill in the above blank with one of the choices:

  Foundling Hospital

• Question 4On page 178 of your text book, Patrick Nuttgens asks: “What had caused the transition from Gothic to Renaissance?”  He later cites three factors in answer to the above question.  What are they? 

  
  1.Gunpowder, the compass and banking

• On page 179 of your text book, Patrick Nuttgens states: “The key to a new vision of human life and therefore of architecture came from the scholar’s access to these classical texts.  These texts were spread through developments in printing.  Printing was invented long before in China, but in Europe a tremendous impetus was given to the spread of ideas by Gutenberg’s invention of moveable type in 1450. For the spread of ideas about architecture, one of the texts below was the first architectural book to be printed.Choose from one of the options below:

  De re aedificatoria(Ten Books on Architecture) by Leon Battista Alberti

• On page 179 of your text book, Patrick Nuttgens states: “The architectural theorists of the revived antique style – Alberti, Serlio, Francesco di Giorgio, Palladio, Vignola, Guilio Romano – all wrote treatises that owed something to Vitruvius.  These men were no longer master masons, however brilliant; they were scholars.  Architecture was no longer the continuation of a practical tradition, it was a literary one.  The architect was not just putting up a building, he was following  _____________.  Fill in the blank above from one of the choices below:

  a theory

• On page 179 of your text book, Patrick Nuttgens states: “The architect had at his disposal some exciting new discoveries.  A new concept of spatial relationships had been made possible by the discovery of _____________ by the Florentine painters in 1425 or possibly by Brunelleschi himself.Fill in the blank above from one of the choices below:

  perspective

• This is a section drawing through the Tempietto in the cloister of San Pietro in Montorio, Rome.  It was built in 1502.  Who was the architect?

  Donato Bramante

• This is a plan drawing of the original Greek cross design of St Peter’s Basilica in Rome. It was designed by…?

  
  1.Donato Bramante
  2.Giuliano da Sangallo

• This is an original 16th century  sketch of the initial dome design of St Peter’s Basilica in Rome. It was drawn by…?

  MichelangeloBuonarroti