Summary: Hydrology & Runoff Management (Msc)
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Read the summary and the most important questions on Hydrology & Runoff Management (MSc)
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1 Course Introduction (6-3-2023)
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What do glaciers have to do with the hydraulic system?
Glaciers store about 2/3 of theearth's freshwater Glalciers store water in winter andrelease it duringsummer Meltwater fromgalciers and snow cover may contribute significantly to discharge in glacierized catchmentsContribute tosealevel rise
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What is runoff generation?
Concerns differentsources (sinks) andpathways of water (at or belowconcerns differentsources (sinks) andpathways of water (at or below -
How does urbanisation affect the water cycle?
- Less
infiltration causing moresurface runoff what canlead toflooding (impervious surfaces) - Removal of vegatation -> Less evapotranspiration
- Modification of natural drainage network (faster drainage)
- Less
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What defines sustainable runoff management?
- Regard stormwater as a resource, not a problem
- Treat stormwater locally: store, infiltrate, delay
- Restore or imitate the natural hyrdological cycle
- Regard stormwater as a resource, not a problem
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2 L1: Hyrdological Cycle and Water Budget
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What does the hyrdological cyrcle stand for?
Describes and predicts the occurence, circulation and distribution of the earth's water -
What influences the phase of water?
- The air
pressure - Temperature
- The air
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What is the relation op latent heat to the phase of water?
- Melting and evaporation consume latent heat
- Freezing and condensation release latent heat
- Melting and evaporation consume latent heat
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What is the main driver of the hydrological cycle?
Solar energy -
What also influences the hydrological cycle?
- Gravity force: controls precipitation and flow of water on the earth's surface
- Capillary forces affect subsurface flow of water in the soil
- Gravity force: controls precipitation and flow of water on the earth's surface
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3 L2: Hyrdometeorology & Snow Hydrology
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What are the important components of the water-budget equation? (P=R+ET)
- Precipitation (P): primary input of water to a catcment
- Precipitation is balanced by runoff (R) and evatransporation (ET)
- Evatransporation: sum of evaporation and transpiration
- Runoff ratio: fraction of precipiation turned into runoff
- Precipitation (P): primary input of water to a catcment
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