Origin and implications of HLA polymorphism (Kroesen)
3 important questions on Origin and implications of HLA polymorphism (Kroesen)
What is the connection between HLA and MHC?
MHC = Major Histocompatibility Complex
- region on chromosome 6 on which many immunerelated genes are located, including the genes coding for HLA.
- MHC genes are grouped: MHC I (comprises HLA class I genes), MHC II (comprises HLA class II genes), MHC III (comprises a variety of other genes, for ex: complement, cytokines)
HLA = Human Leukocyte Antigen
- molecules that present peptides to T-cells
- encoded by MHC genes (class I & II)
- region on chromosome 6 on which many immunerelated genes are located, including the genes coding for HLA.
- MHC genes are grouped: MHC I (comprises HLA class I genes), MHC II (comprises HLA class II genes), MHC III (comprises a variety of other genes, for ex: complement, cytokines)
HLA = Human Leukocyte Antigen
- molecules that present peptides to T-cells
- encoded by MHC genes (class I & II)
Which cells express HLA class I and HLA class II?
Class I = expressed by all nucleated cells
Class II = expressed by specialized immune cells: APC)
Class II = expressed by specialized immune cells: APC)
When did the evolution of adaptive immunity/MHC take place?
Approximately 500 million years ago in jawed fish.
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