Mutations

8 important questions on Mutations

Does a  mutation usually have consequences?

When a mutatio affects a particular cell, all other cells are not altered. You do not even notice that you  have a cell that carries a mutated gene.

Does it have consequences when a mutation affects a sex cell?

It might have. When this sex cell joins another sex cell during fertilization, then the fertilized egg cell will cary the mutated gene. Ofspring develop that carry the mutated gene in all body cells.

What is a mutant?

An organism that shows the mutation in its appearance (phenotype)
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Why are more babies in Japan born with physical and mental defects than in other countries?

The atom bombs. Exposed Japanese people and their ofspring carry more mutated genes in their sex cells than other people carry.

Which organ in particular should not be exposed to X-rays?

reproductive organs

What is a tumour?

If a group of cells gets bigger, it becomes a clump of abnormal cells called a tumour.

What are benign tumours?

That are tumours that develop slowly and do not disturb the structure of other tissues. Most can be succesfully removed by surgery

What are malignant tumours?

Occurrence of cancer: somewhere in the body a cell starts growing uncontrollably. – Cause: most likely as a result of mutations inside this cell.
– A tumour develops and the structure of other tissues is disturbed.
– At this stage recovery is possible.

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