Innovation implementation

23 important questions on Innovation implementation

What are the 3 types of innovation project process models?

1. Sequential
2. Parallel
3. Iterative

What is a stage gate model?

A model which prevents projects from getting out of hand, and discriminate between an initial idea that has success potential, and those that don't, and make sure that the former are moved into the next phase and the latter killed off.

What are the 4 types of decisions made at the gates?

1. Kill decision - completely stopped
2. Stop decision - shelved, might be picked up again later
3. Back decision - moved back a stage for reworking
4. Go decision- moved to the next stage
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What are the different stages in the stage gate model?

1. Discovery stage
2. Scoping stage
3. Building business case stage
4. Development stage
5. Testing and validation stage
6. Launch stage

What are the characteristics of the scoping stage?

1. General, rough and fast actions
2. Early technical, financial and business assessments
3. Market assessment
4. Creating a plan for stage 2

What are the characteristics of the building a business case stage?

1. More detailed information collection
2. Research customer needs, collect first feedback from customers, conduct a competitive analysis
3. Define value proposition and product, conduct a financial analysis and look at technical feasibility of the project

What are the characteristics of the testing and validation stage?

1. The company tests if everything is functions as it should
2. Conduct test to see if market is ready or not
3. Maybe even customer trials

What are the characteristics of the launch stage?

1. Production is scaled up to full production
2. Start of sales and results monitoring
3. Executing of post-launch plan and life cycle plan

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a concurrent/ parallel stage gate development plan?

(activities in stage 2 are already started when stage 1 is still in effect)
+ can be done for stages with high certainty
+ shortens time to market
+ integration of functions

- leads to pressure
- risk of high (communication) costs if one stage is highly dependent on the one preceding it
- may lead to conflict

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a sequential stage gate development plan?

+ control
+ clear communication

- No early alarm system leads to
- high rework costs if needs to happen in later stages
- Long cycle time

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the iterative stage gate development plan?

+ fast uncertainty reduction
- not suitable for technically complex projects, or highly sensitive projects

When should you choose an iterative/parallel/sequential process?

1. High radicality = iterative (allows more experimentation and using info throughout process to improve)
2. High uncertainty/ambiguity = iterative (reduces uncertainty at the start of the process rather than end)
3. High time pressure (to reach novel market) = parallel
4. High need for structure = sequential (allows for more control)
5. High complexity - sequential in combination with another model
6. High safety/health/environmental concerns - more control necessary, but will slow down process
7. If communication is difficult, do not use parallel process (outsourcing production hinders parallel processes)
8. If company culture is strictly hierarchical, iterative might not be advisable

What is enlightened experimentation culture?

Using the virtual world of simulations and computer models to test ideas and products

What are the rules for enlightened experimentation?

1. Organise for it (the interrelatedness of the different product elements may require more people to come together)
2. Fail early and often, but avoid mistakes (mistakes are known errors and preventable)
3. Anticipate and exploit early information, as mistakes cost money and time
4. Conduct low-fidelity experiments before high ones
5. Combine new with conventional technologies, as not everything can be simulated

What is a team?

A group of people who share a goal and have diverse expertise, organisational functions, personal background or experience in general

Why is a network perspective essential in a company?

Not having a network perspective causes:
1. Inefficient resource allocation
2. Managing talent without a clear goal or structure
3. The inter and intra-unit effectiveness has large disparities

What are the team-based determinants of innovatoin?

1. Organisational factors
2. Team processes
3. Innovation outcomes

What are the key elements of team success?

1. Task allocation - degree of autonomy of team members, task variety and complexity and the information processing of the team - non-relational
2. Social interaction - support, coordination of activities, integration of expertise, construction of shared meetings - relational
3. Contextual factors - organisational support, reward systems, HR system, information system and resource availability  - exogenous

What are the 2 types of diversity?

1. Surface-level diversity - based on highly-visible attributes
2. Deep-level diversity - based on unobservable attributes  (cognition, meanings, inner attributes of people, personality and behaviour)

What are the 2 types of social networks?

1. Finalised networks - goal oriented and are aimed at organisational functioning and knowledge exchange
2. Serendipitous networks - friendship relationships between employees

What are the different types of ties in a sociogram?

1. Directional ties - only go one way (A goes to B for advice, not vice versa)
2. Isolated ties - no ties

What are the main characteristics of a social network?

1. Size - how big is the network
2. Tie strength - how strong is the connection
3. Centrality - how central is the main actor in the network
4. Brokerage - when an actor connects team members that do not have a connection between them

What are the building blocks of social networks?

1. Density - baseline tendency for a tie to occur (dense vs fragmented)
2. Reciprocity - tendency for organisational members to seek advice from reciprocating colleagues
3. Activity - tendency towards seeking advice from many colleagues
4. Popularity - tendency towards the existence of organisational members who are sought for advice by many colleagues

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