The 'We' generation - Grammar: tense review

12 important questions on The 'We' generation - Grammar: tense review

In what time frame do we use a present simple or a present continuous?


PS: To talk about things that are happening nowPC:To talk about things that are happening now, at the moment

Why do we use a present continuous?

    • To describe an action that is happening now, or around now. (often with time expression: right now, at the moment, always, now, at present)
    • To describe a temporary, changing or developing situation Ex. Is your community becoming more co-operative?
    • To describe irritating habits (often with always) Ex. He's always checking his texts on his mobile phone

What are state verbs? When do we never use them?

We never use them with continuous tenses
State verbs; believe, know, understand, like
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How is the formation of a present simple and a present continuous?

PS: I Work
PC: I am working

Why do we use a past continuous?

    • To talk about a longer action that happens at the same time as a shorter action, or a longer action that is interrupted by a shorter action. Ex. Were you listening to the radio when you heard the news?
    • To describe a scene in the past or an action that was happening at a particular time Ex. She was waving at us, but we weren't looking at her.

Why do we use a present perfect?

    • To talk about actions that happened at some unspecified point in the past. Ex. She's experienced many extraordinary things in her life
    • To talk about experiences with never, already, just and yet. Ex. They've already raised 5000 pound for charity
    • To talk about actions that began in the past, but continue up to the present moment, often with for and since. Ex. How long have you been part of this organization? I've been a member for fifteen years.

Why do we use a present perfect continuous?

    • To talk about actions that began in the past, but continue up to the present, often with for or since Ex. He's been campaigning for a change in policy for six years.
    • To talk about an action that has happened repeatedly in the past and is still happening now. Ex. We haven't been sitting idly at home, we've been working to improve the situation.
    • To talk about a very recent action which has either just finished or which has just been interrupted. Ex. You look very tired. Have you been working hard?

In what time frame do we use a present perfect and a present perfect continuous?

PPf: a thing that happened before now
PPfC: a thing that happened before and at a moment now

How do we form a present perfect and a present perfect continuous?

PPf: I had worked
PPfC: I had been working

When do we use a past perfect continuous?

    • To describe ongoing activities leading up to a more recent past event. Ex. They had been walking for hours when they saw the horse in the distance.
    • To give background information about an event. Ex. She was concerned because she hadn't been sleeping well recently.
    • To emphasize the duration of an activity. Ex. We'd been dancing for hours and we were tired.

In what time frame do we use a past perfect and a past perfect continuous?

PaPf: before yesterday
PaPfC: before and at a moment yesterday

How do we form a past perfect and a past perfect continuous?

PaPf: I had worked
PaPfC: I had been working

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