IR & Theories (II)
14 important questions on IR & Theories (II)
4 different types of neoliberalism
2. Interdependence liberalism
3. Institutional liberalism
4. Republican liberalism
Rosenau's definition of transnationalism (sociological liberalism)
- Argues that individual transactions have important implications and consequences for global affairs
1. Extended their activities
2. States' capacity for control and regulation is decreasing
- Supports the idea of an increasingly pluralistic world
Conditions that are conducive to the emergence of security communities
- Greater mobility of persons
- Stronger economic ties
- Wider range of mutual human transactions
Peaceful relations --> security community --> integration
- Higher grades + faster learning
- Never study anything twice
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
For my 1st exam I got a C. Then, I started looking for ways to learn better and I came across Study Smart. Since then I have scored a A+, A, A- and another A. I highly recommend it to everyone who wants to hear it. I am so happy with it!!
I was struggling to finish all my first-year subjects for 3 years. Then I discovered Study Smart, which helped me to finish all of them within 3 months.
Because of StudySmart, things are going well in many ways. Before, I always had study stress and no time for anything. Now I feel calm and confident (because of the program). I used to score a B, now I usually score an A or A+.
Hey Chris, I really want to thank you very much for developing the platform, I usually got around C for my exams, now I scored an A+, an A and a A- !!
Since using Study Smart, my average has increased significantly. I even completed a statistics course with a A+ while I'm bad at statistics. I took on extra courses this year, because of Study Smart. Thanks so much!
Ever since I started studying with StudySmart I passed all my exams !!! No more re-sits!! At first, I was happy with a pass and now I only get good grades. Many thanks!
I aced all the courses I studied with Study Smart. For law, I first scored a D, and now an A! I’m 100% sure that I’ll pass all the courses I study with Study Smart.
I always thought I studied well. My grades were fine. I could never have imagined that applying these study skills would have such a huge and direct impact on my grades, my speed and the pleasure I have in learning.
For the first time, I finally feel totally confident about the way I learn. I have the perfect overview and make great progress in terms of speed and the grades I get. Thanks, Chris!
I immediately started to enjoy learning again, and my grades soared. All of a sudden, everything went better. I highly recommend Study Smart to all students..
Being able to create my materials online made the process of studying so much smoother and quicker. I no longer have to spend a huge amount of my time on creating my summaries.
At first, my notes were a mess. Now I use Study Smart to take my notes in a perfectly structured way. It helps me to save a lot of time and do other things I enjoy.
Students that study with Study Smart get better grades. The system applies all the learning methods in such a way that both well-performing students and students who struggle perform much better.
Hi Chris, I would like to thank you very much. Last year I scored C on a course, and this year I got an A+ thanks to your method! Thank you very much!
The largest effect is that my child is more enthusiastic about school! Every parent wants their children to be happy at school, Study Smart made it happen.
In high school, I failed several exams, and that has really changed now. I actually needed this tool very much back then. Since I started studying with StudySmart, I haven't had any D's. My average score is now an A and those are results I would have never had in the past
With my old method, I passed only 3 out of 8 courses. Since I started taking my notes digitally in Study Smart, I have passed all my courses on the first try. For me, StudySmart takes away the stress of wondering if I will pass or not.
Thanks to StudySmart, I passed all my exams, and with better grades than before! On top of that, I have mastered a very good study method now, which I am confident will help me earn my degree.
John Burton's (1972) 'cobweb model' of transnational relationships
- Points to a world driven more by mutually beneficial cooperation than conflict
Diffusion of power towards the micro-level (Moises Naim, 2013)
i.e. Insurgents, fringe political parties
- Rise of micropowers due to 3 revolutions
1. More revolution: more people are living longer and healthier lives and that makes them more difficult to 'regiment and control'
2. Mobility revolution: people are able to move around a lot more than earlier
3. Mentality revolution: rapidly growing middle classes
Why are overlapping interdependent relations between people bound to be more cooperative than relations between states?
The extent of institutionalism can be measured on (?) dimensions?
■ Scope: the number of issue areas in which there are institutions
■ Depth: 3 measures
● Commonality → the degree to which expectations about appropriate behaviour and understanding about how to interpret action are shared by participants in the system
● Specificity → the degree to which these expectations are clearly specified in the form of rules
● Autonomy → the extent to which the institution can alter its own rules rather than depending on outside agents (i.e. states) to do so
Why are democracies at peace with each other? (Republican Liberalism)
■ Democratic norms of peaceful resolution of conflict
■ Peaceful relations between democratic states, based on a common moral foundation
■ Economic cooperation between democracies: ties of interdependence
Security dilemma (Alexander Wendt)
Difference between neoliberalism and neorealism
○ Neoliberalism: faith in processes of progress, cooperation between states, transnational contacts between non-state actors, integration.
○ Neorealists are focused on political-military security and territorial integrity (i.e. power), and neoliberals more on economic gain via cooperation (i.e. prosperity)
○ Neoliberals resolve the permanent state of anarchy in the international system (an essential feature shared with neorealists) by giving international organisations a role in the regulation of interdependence and market integration
Similarities between neoliberalism and neorealism
○ Presuppose the existence of selfish motives based on self-interests
Liberal intergovernmentalism (LI)
How are material power and state interests formed?
According to social constructivism, are states in an anarchic system allowed to possess military and other capabilities which can be seen as potentially threatening by other states?
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
- A unique study and practice tool
- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
