Limbic system and development - Modulatory systems
19 important questions on Limbic system and development - Modulatory systems
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This is the brainstem, what is indicated with the colors?
Yellow/red = motor
Green = intermediate grey (reticular formation)
There is a difference in function of the reticular formation (RF) in the brainstem, the rostral and caudal RF, what is their function
Caudal = autonomic and motor function
- autonomic = blood pressure, heart reate etc.
- motor functions = control muscle tone and gaze control
Where is the rostral RF located?
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Consciousness is very vague, therefore it is subdivided into 3 parts, which three?
Rostral = major role in alerness, minor for attention (ARAS)
Where is the caudal RF located?
Which neurotransmitters are used in the large systems of the CNS?
Which neurotransmitters are used in the small systems of the CNS?
Norepinephrine / noradrenalin
Dopamine
Histamine
Choline/acetylcholine
What is the main function of serotonin and where is it produced?
Produced in Raphe nuclei
What is the main function of norepinephrine and where is it produced?
Produced in locus coeruleus
What is the main function of dopamine and where is it produced?
Produced in substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area
What is the main function of choline/acetylcholine and where is it produced?
Produced in pontomesencephalotegmental complex and basal forebrain complex (septal nuclei and nucleus of Meynert)
What is the main function of histamine?
What is the function of the large systems in the CNS? And which synapses and receptors do they use?
Somatomotor, sensory, memory and learning, emotional etc.
Synapse = chemical
Receptor = ionotropic
--> fast, short-lived and simple effect
What is the function of the small systems inside the CNS? And which synapses and receptors do they use?
Synapse = chemical
Receptor = metabotropic
--> slower, long-lived and variable effect (2nd messenger)
What regulates the modulatory systems (small systems) in the CNS?
VLPO in tur
What are circadian rhythms?
Which enzyme is important for the production of serotonin?
Which enzyme is important for the produciton of norepinephrine?
converts dopamine to norepinephrine (noradrenalin).
Which enzyme is important for glutamate?
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