Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols - What Are the Characteristic Reactions of Alcohols?
17 important questions on Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols - What Are the Characteristic Reactions of Alcohols?
How acidic are alcohols?
How will an alcohol react in the presence of a strong acid?
How does an alcohol react with active metals like Li, Na, K, Mg?
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For what reactions is sodium ethoxide used?
How are alcohols converted to haloalkanes?
Under what conditions do water-insoluble tertiary alcohols react?
Under what conditions do water-insoluble primary and secondary alcohols react?
By what mechanisms are alcohols converted to haloalkanes?
Primary by a SN2 mechanism.
Why do primary alcohols react trough the SN2 mechanism and tertiary trough SN1?
2. Because of steric factors. The halide ion must be able to approach the substitution center, which is much easier in primary alcohols than in secondary alcohols.
Under what conditions can alcohols be dehydrated?
When two isomeric products can be formed during the acid-catalyzed hydration of alcohols which will be formed?
What are the E1 mechanism steps in the acid-catalyzed dehydration of secondary and tertiary alcohol?
2. Breaking of a bond to form a stable molecule or ion.
3. Removal of a proton, regeneration the acid-catalyst.
Since the acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes and the acid-catalyzed dehydration of alcohols are in equilibrium how are they controlled?
2. For the formation of alkenes the water is removed.
How do you determine which stereoisomer are formed in the dehydration of an alcohol?
2. Remove the hydroxyl group and draw in the carbon-carbon double bond from α-carbon to β-carbon.
What product is formed in the oxidation of alcohols?
Secondary alcohols can be oxidated to ketones.
Tertiary alcohols can not be oxidated.
What is the most commonly used reagent for the oxidation of primary alcohols?
What reagent is used when you want octanal as a product and not octanoic acid?
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