Covalent Bonding and Shapes of Molecules

3 important questions on Covalent Bonding and Shapes of Molecules

What is the predicted bond angle in a tetrahedral?

109,5o

What is the theory of resonance?

According to the theory of resonance, by Linus Pauling, many molecules are best described with multiple Lewis structures.

What are the rules for writing an acceptable resonance contributing structure?

1. All contributing structures must have the same number of valence electrons.
2. They must obey the rules of covalent bonding; No more than 8 electrons in the valence shell except for hydrogen and 12 valence electrons for third-period elements.
3. The position of all nuclei must remain the same in all contributing structures. Only the electrons move around.
4. The structures must all have the same number of electrons.

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