Benzene and Its Derivatives - How Are Benzene Compounds Named, and What Are Their Physical Properties?

5 important questions on Benzene and Its Derivatives - How Are Benzene Compounds Named, and What Are Their Physical Properties?

Which common names for monosubstituted benzenes are retained by the IUPAC system?

For example Toluene instead of methylbenzene and styrene rather than phenylethylene. Also phenol, aniline, benzaldehyde, benzoic acid and anisole are retained.

What are phenyl and benzyl groups?

A phenyl group is the aryl group derived from removing one hydrogen from benzene.
A benzyl group is derived from removing a hydrogen from toluene.

How are the locations of multiple substituents on a benzene ring indicated?

Either by numbering or using the locators ortho, meta and para.
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What numbers are equivalent to the meta position?

1,3- is equivalent to meta.

What are polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)?

PAHs contain two or more aromatic rings, each sharing two carbons. Most are carcinogenic and mutagenic.

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