Introduction - History and Perspectives - Early Schools of Psychology Late 19th Century

29 important questions on Introduction - History and Perspectives - Early Schools of Psychology Late 19th Century

The scientific field of psychology gained its independence from what when researchers developed laboratories to examine and test human sensations and perceptions using scientific methods?

Philosophy

The earliest laboratories of psychology tested what using the scientific method?

Human sensations and perceptions

Who founded the first American psychology laboratory at Harvard University.

William James 1842–1910
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What early school of psychology uses the method of introspection to identify the basic elements of "structure" of psychological experiences?

Structuralism

What early school of psychology was inspired by Darwin's work in biology?

Functionalism

What early school of psychology attempted to explain behavior, emotion, and thought as active adaptations to environmental pressures.?

Functionalism

How did functionalism influence behaviorism and evolutionary psychology?

Functionalism influenced behaviorism because it eluded to the fact that we could change our behaviors changed as we adapted to our environment (pavlov's dog). Also, that we adapted through evolution to meet the demands of our environment.

What early school of psychology focuses on the role of our unconscious thoughts, feelings, and memories and our early childhood experiences in determining behavior?

Psychodynamic Psychology

What early school of psychology was built on Freud's original ideas, and it has also influenced modern neuroscience?

Psychodynamic Psychology

What early school of psychology is based on the premise that it is not possible to objectively study the mind; therefore, psychologists should limit their attention to the study of behavior itself?

Behaviorism

What early school of psychology is it's modern counterpart increasingly integrated with cognitive-neuroscience?

Behaviorism

What early school of psychology says that the mind, when perceiving an object, forms a meaningful whole that is more than the sum of its parts?

Gestalt Psychology

What early school of psychology studies the growth of thought and language processes in infants and children, emphasizes the idea that children are not incompetent adults but think creatively and effectively based on their limited experience in the world?

Cognitive Development

What early school of psychology emphasizes the development of a healthy, effectively functioning person, rejects the idea that clinical psychology and other applied areas should focus only on disorders and problems, developed ideas of self-actualization, personal responsibility, and human potential?

Humanistic Psychology

Contemporary positive psychology has been strongly influence by ___?

Humanistic psychology.

What early school of psychology, that is no longer active, was created in the Late 19th Century and was supported by Wilhelm Wundt, Edward B. Titchener?

Structuralism

What early school of psychology started in the Late 19th Century and early 20th century and was supported by Sigmund Freud, Erik Erikson?

Psychodynamic Psychology

What early school of psychology started in the Early 20th Century and was supported by Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, B. F. Skinner?

Behaviorism

What early school of psychology, that is no longer active, was created in the late 19th century and was supported by William James, John Dewey?

Functionalism

What early school of psychology was created in the 1910s and was supported by Max Wertheimer?

Gestalt Psychology

What early school of psychology was created in the 1920s and was supported by Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky?

Cognitive Development

What early school of psychology was created in the 1950s and was supported by Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers?

Humanistic Psychology

What does structuralism (early school of psychology) add to modern day psychology?

It started the scientific process, but made clear that we need to know how mental processes work and their purpose; not just subjective observations one's sensations.

What does functionalism (early school of psychology) add to modern day psychology?

It helps psychologists understand that our actions and thoughts have roots in evolution and we are the sum of eons of adaptions in order to survive.

What does psychodynamic psychology (early school of psychology) add to modern day psychology?

It is the basis in which psychoanalysis is rooted. Our unconscious thoughts developed through childhood affect our behavior.

What does behaviorism (early school of psychology) add to modern day psychology?

This early school of psychology leads way to current thoughts that our behavior can change based on behavior based studies as opposed to just knowing the structure of the mind or how it may or may not work.

What does gestalt psychology (early school of psychology) add to modern day psychology?

Gestalt psychology formed the basis for the later study of perception.

What does cognitive development (early school of psychology) add to modern day psychology?

The cognitive psychology approach which still exists today studies how individuals process information in their minds such as thinking, perceptions, memory and judgment. The cognitive approach continues to be active today.

What does humanistic psychology (early school of psychology) add to modern day psychology?

It added a level of holistic healing. Personality psychologists stem from this early school of thought. Each person’s unique viewpoint, consciousness, & special human qualities are important.

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