Summary: Janeway's Immunobiology

Read the summary and the most important questions on Janeway's immunobiology

• 1 Dendritic cells in immunity and tolerance

• 1.1 9-6

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• What are the two mayor classes of DCs?

  1. Conventional DCs: to ingest and degrade protein antigens and present them
     
  • barrier tissue sites: lungs, skin and intestines
  • cDC1
  • cDC2
  2. Plasmacytoid DCs: for viral infection and secrete large amounts of type I interferons

• What is the difference between non-lymphoid tissue-resident cDCs and lymphoid tissue-resident cDCs?

  NLT-cDCs must migrate to the T cell zone to activate them, while LT-cDCs handle antigens that are directly delivered to lymphoid tissue

• What is macropinocytosis?

  Macropinocytosis or 'cell drinking' is a type of endocytosis that involves the nonspecific uptake of extracellular material, such as soluble molecules, nutrients, and antigen

• What happens after PRR and inflammatory cytokine signaling?

  1. PRR signaling induce CCR7, which is required to sense and migrate along the CCl19 and CCL21 gradient
     
  • dus CCL19 en CCL20 zorgen ervoor dat T cellen niet zomaar weg kunnen2
    
  2. After cDCs are in the T cell zone, 

• How can T cell activating by cDC through the presence of self peptide prevented?

  • T cell receptor repertoire has largely been purged by receptors that recognize self peptide during thymic development = central tolerance
    
  • DCs in lymphoid tissue that are not activated will bear self peptide:MHC complexen

• 1.2 9-7

• What is the role of cDC1 cells?

  They activate naive CD8 T cells
  

  • intracellulair pathogens
  • MHC I
  • Cross-priming --> antitumor mechanism

  
  
  contain CD11c and CD24, have unique markers:
  

  • XCR1, TLR3 (dsRNA -> viral infection)
  • produce IL-12 (differnattation CD8T cell and Th1 CD4T)
  • CD8alfalfa (LT-resident DCs)
  • CD103 (migratory DCs)

• Where do most antibody-secreting plasma cells reside?

  The bone marrow is not only the site of B-cell development, it is also the site where most plasma cells reside, secreting large amounts of antibodies into the blood.

• What is the role of cDC2 cells?

  • Activate CD4-T
    
  • extracellulair pathogens
  • MCH-II

  
  
  

  • CD11b (migratory DCs)
  • lack TLR-3 and produce less IL-12
  • produce IL-23 and IL-6 --> TH17 
  • induction of TH2 en TFH cell

• What are monocyte-derived DCs?

  Monocytes take up antigen that is delivered to T cell
  

  • poor stimulation of T 
  • able transfer LT-resident cDCs

• What is Langerhans cell?

  In the skins, cDCs are absent. Initiation of CD8T is dependent on langerhans cells for antigen uptake and transport of antigen to draining LN
  

  • to LT-resident cDCs 1