General Chemistry - Atomic Structure
9 important questions on General Chemistry - Atomic Structure
Dalton's atomic theory
- Elements are made of atoms unique to that element
- Compounds are made of atoms from multiple elements
- Reactions involve separation, combination, and rearrangement of atoms. No creation or destruction
E- configuration notation: 
Y: subshell (l)
n: # electrons in the subshell
Principle quantum number n
- Maximum value = row of the element on the periodic table
- Maximum # electrons in any shell = 2n^2
- As n increases, energy level and atomic radius also increase
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Change in energy between electron shells
**nf = final shell
**ni = initial shell
Azimuthal quantum number (l)
- l is any integer where , 0 < l < n-1
- l = 1, p
- l = 2, d
- l = 3, f
- Maximum # electrons in a shell = 4l + 2
- As l increases, the energy of the subshell increases
Magnetic quantum number (ml)
- Each orbital can hold up to 2 electrons
- Specifies which orbital the electron is likely to be found
- ml is any integer where, -l < ml < l, including 0
Spin quantum number (ms)
- Only 2 spins, described as +1/2 or -1/2
- 2 electronsin the same orbital (paired electrons) will have opposite spins
Angular momentum equation
Valence electrons by group on periodic table
**IIIA - VIIIA - outer s and p electrons
Transition elements - outer s and d shell electrons
Inner transition elements - outer s, d and f electrons
** May accept electrons into their empty d subshells
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