Summary: Key Words By Subject

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  • 1 General

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  • Siderophore (for iron uptake)


    extracellular iron-binding compounds which can extract Fe3+ from lactoferrin (or transferrin) and supply iron to cells for growth. 
  • Horizontal gene transfer

    DNA transferred between bacteria via conjugation, transformation, transduction and transposons, possibility antibiotics resistance transfer
  • Two component system (TCS)

    Sensory system;
    - sensor will signal to the repressor and thereby regulate transcription of antibiotic resistance genes
  • 2 Adhesion / invasion

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  • Adherence factor, adhesin

    Bacterial structure (fimbria, S-layer, capsule, LPS, LTA) that binds bacteria to surface or specific receptor
  • Tight junction protease

    Enterotoxin, fragilisin enables entry through epithelium (Bacteroides fragilis)
  • Mucus degrading enzyme

    Move through mucus to reach epithelium (Akkermansia)
  • Manipulate actin cytoskeleton

    Generate actin-rich pedestal for invasion (enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli)
  • 3 Cell wall

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  • Gram negative cell wall

    LPS outermembrane, pink Gram stain;
    - Less sensitive to lysozume and pinicilin
  • Gram positive cell wall

    Peptidoglycan, purple Gram stain;
    - More sensitive to lysozyme and penicilin
  • (lipo) teichoic acid

    Part of Gram positive cell wall that activates TLR2
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