Neisseria meningitidis; Epidermiology
10 important questions on Neisseria meningitidis; Epidermiology
How is Neisseria meningitidis also called and what kind of bacteria is it?
- Meningococcus
- Gram-negative diplococcus
What is the natural habitat of N. Meningitidis?
Who are the carriers of the bacteria?
How are the risk factors associated to the carriers?
- Natural habitat: Human nasopharynx
- Infection is associated with age and the carriers are adolescents (15-19 years old)
- Due to the risk factors: smoking, frequent bar/disco visits, kissing and crowds
Why is it important to know whether all meningococci from the same serogroup are identical?
- Higher grades + faster learning
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What are the typing methods for N. Meningitidis?
- Phenotype
- Serogroup
- PorA epitope sequencing
- FetA epitope sequencing
- Genotype
- Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST)
What are meningococcal sergroups?
- Same species, different 'faces'
- Polysaccharide capsule structure determines serogroup
- 13 serogroup
- Groups A, B, C, X, Y, W most prevalent in disease
What is the typing/annotation of N. Meningitides isolate? Nm:B:P1,7:F5-1
B: serogroup (capsule polysaccharide)
P1: PorA subtype (PorA VR1 and VR2 subtypes)
F: FetA subtype
What kind of vaccin is given against N. Meningitidis?
What are the benefits of the CPS vaccine?
- Immunological memory
- class switching and affinity maturation high affinity IgG
- Effective in infants
- growing large quantities N. Meningitidis, extract CPS, CPS conjugated to carrier protein
- Effective against carriage - reduced transmission - protection of non-vaccinated individuals
What is the meningococcal ACWY multivalent vaccine?
What is the problem of making a vaccin against serogroup B? What is the solution for it?
- Use of outer membrane vesicle could be an alternative
- PorA is an important protective antigen BUT variable
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
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- Never study anything twice again
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- 100% sure, 100% understanding
