Measure Phase
45 important questions on Measure Phase
What are Key Performance Indicators?
Also reflect the VOC
Is based on CTQ
What is a KPI Tree?
It contains a balance of measures of both effectiveness and efficiency/
What is Queue Time?
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What is Work in Process?
What is Total Lead time?
What is Completion Rate?
What is Process Cycle Efficiency?
It is calculated by: Total value add Time / Total Lead Time
How do the PCE percentages work?
Typical production processes have up to 20%, world class is around 25%
A large advantage of PCE is that is can be used consistently.
How is average Lead time Calculated?
What is Takt time?
How is Takt Time calculated?
OEE is linked to the which Lean components?
Rapid changeovers
Reducing waste
How do you get the Performance % in OEE?
How do you get the Quality % in OEE
What are two key features to a Histogram?
How can the statistic average be described as?
Spread means how much variation lies within the process, what statistics can be used to measure variation?
Standard deviation
When is the normal distribution applied when measuring continuous data?
When is the Poisson distribution used when measuring count data?
When is the Binomial model used when measuring Attribute data?
What are the common statistics for Count data?
What is the common statistic for Attribute data?
What are useful graphs for Attribute data?
100% stacked bar chart
Pareto chart
What are the steps to take when doing Measurement System Analysis?
Is the level of bias(accuracy) acceptable? yes/no
Is the level of precision acceptable? yes/no
What is Bias (errors)?
In precision errors there is repeatability and reproducibility, what is the definition of both exactly?
Reproducibility: Differences in the way people do the measurement, is one person capable of repeating the measurement action of the person before him.
How are precision errors addressed?
Attribute Agreement Analysis
MSA drilldowns
What is the first step in MSA?
GR&R stands for Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility, but what is it exactly?
There are 2 GR&R acceptability criteria, what are they?
Percentage of total tolerance
What are the levels of acceptance in GR&R?
Marginal <30%
Good <20%
Excellent <10%
What is an MSA drilldown for?
What is MSA Drilldown?
Data is skewed right, what does this mean?
The distribution has most data on the left, usually found when measuring time.
Data is skewed left, what does this mean?
Distribution of data is to the right, usually happens when there is a top limit. (deadline/Spec limit)
What is process capability?
What is the first step the process capability roadmap?
What kind of systems are used for continuous data relating to capability?
CPK
Normal Data
Non normal data
What kind of systems are used for count data relating to capability?
=(1-FTY)
=(1-e-dpu )
What kind of systems are used for attribute data relating to capability?
Defects are already given, but it is important to ensure good/bad is customer driven
What is the third step for the capability roadmap?
What is the fourth step is the Capability roadmap?
How is CP calculated?
Sigma is the standard deviation in this case
Also, CP is to calculate the potential capability
How is CPk calculated?
Sigma is standard deviation
CPk reflects actual process capability
What is Sigma level?
Works as a percentage on a normal distribution
Can be measured as on the left/below of the USL/
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