Summary: Lecture 6 Neuropsycological Diagnostics In Psychiatry: Neuropsychiatry
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1 Lecture 6 Neuropsycological diagnostics in psychiatry: Neuropsychiatry
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How can executive functioning be subdivided?
Lower order vs higher order EF
Cool vs hot EF -
What cognitive functions belong to higher order EF?
- Reasoning
- Planning and organising
- Problem solving -
How is cool EF described?
Ration, cognitive aspects of EF, appealed to in abstract situations without context. -
How is hot EF described?
Affective, motivational aspects. Appealed to in situations where emotions and motivation need to be regulated. -
What is the most severe psychiatric disorder, and why?
Schizophrenia, because it is difficult to treat and difficult to live with, and it has the most severe cognitive symptoms. -
What does treatment of schizophrenia focus on?
Avoiding psychotic episodes, and lessening the severity of the psychotic episodes if they occur. -
What symptoms do we see in MDD?
-Impairments in social,occupational oreducational functioning
-Affective symptoms andEF deficits, affectingQoL
-Bias information processing/memory/attention -
What is the mood congruency effect?
We are better able to remember information that iscongruent with ourmood than we are to remember information that isneutral to us. -
What cognitive functions are affected in MDD?
Difficulties in:
- Mostly EF problems
- Shifting/cognitive flexibility
- Inhibition
- Updating
- Verbal working memory
- Visuospatial working memory
- Fluency
- Impaired reversal learning: inability to disengage from maladaptive behavior
- Planning
- Memory: encoding + retrieval
- Processing speed/psychomotor speed -
What do we observe in NPA for MDD?
- Slow workpace
- Fatigue, loss of energy
- Lack of motivation, reduced engagement
- Difficulty initiating efficient cognitive strategies
- Indecisiveness
- Negative self-perception
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