Summary: Lectures

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• 7 Autonomous nervous system

• 7.2 Action potential

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• What is the period of time called during which it is very difficult or impossible for a new action potential to be induced, because the sensitivity of the area to further stimulation is decreased?

  Refractory period

• From what point to what point in an action potential does the refractory period, when a new action potential can't be induced in the neuron, last?

  From when the treshold is reached, to when the membrane potential is restored to its original charge.

• What is the period of time called between the beginning of the action potential (when the treshold is reached) to the near ending of the repolarization - in which a new action potential cannot be induced?

  Absolute refractory period

• What is the period of time called between the near ending of the repolarization, to the point at which the membrane potential is restored - in which the repolarization causes the membrane potential to dip below its original charge difference, and thus an action potential can be reached by a stronger-than-threshold stimulus?

  Relative refractory period

• What is the junction between 2 cells/neurons called where the action potential of one neuron causes an action potential in the other neuron?

  Synapse

• 7.3 Autonomic nervous system

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• What is it called when an organ is 'hooked up' to both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system?

  Double innervation

• What is the type of control called in which activity of the sympathetic or parasympathetic can be reduced or increased by using drugs - often drugs meant to cause the opposite effect of the (para)sympathetic activity?

  Antagonistic control

• What is the type of control called in which activity of [one type of the autonomous nervous system] can be reduced by using drugs - often drugs meant to reduce the effect of the activity of the nervous system?EX: skin --> sweat glands, hairs on your skin

  Tonic control

• Are organs that can be targeted by tonic control doubly innervated, or only connected to the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system?

  Sympathetic nervous system

• 7.3.2 Parasympathetic nervous system

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• Does activation of the parasympathetic nervous system lead to bradycardia or tachycardia?

  Bradycardia (reduced heart frequency)