Pain - Pain disorders

7 important questions on Pain - Pain disorders

What are symptoms of CRPS?

Mostly unilateral in upper limbs

Pain
Sensory changes
Motor impairments
Autonomic symptoms
Trophic changes in affected limb (hair growth and nails)
Swelling
Erythema
Limited ROM
Vasomotor instability
Skin changes
Patchy bone demineralisation

What is the difference between type I and II CRPS?

The presence of peripheral nerve injury (only in type II) (10% of cases)

What are preventive measures for CRPS?

Vitamin C supplementation after fractures (of the wrist/upper limb) or surgery
Early mobilisation after limb injury
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On what scale is paraplegia measured?

Asia Impairment scale (grade A to E) (E is normal)

Which age group is more at risk for paraplegia?

16-30 --> risk behaviour
above 65 --> fragile bones

Paraplegia at what level causes complete disabling of breathing?

A lesion above C5

What are the different categories of pain?

1. Nociceptive pain
            Caused by activity in neural pathways in response to potentially tissue-
            damaging stimuli
2. Mixed-type pain
            Caused by a combination of primary injury and secondary effects
3. Neuropathic pain    
            Initiated or caused by a lesion in the nervous system

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