Management of Organisations in the EU
34 important questions on Management of Organisations in the EU
Why do we increase efficiency and as a result productivity?
+ People can do whatthey do best andbecomebetter at it
What are the advantage of specialization
…..and can be performed more efficiently
Easier to replace people who leave organization
What are the disadvantage of specialization
People may get bored and careless
Derive less satisfaction from their job
Lose sight of their role in organization
Miscommunication
- Higher grades + faster learning
- Never study anything twice
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
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What are the Key ingredients of the decision-making Hierarchy
•Centralization and Decentralization
•Delegation
•Authority
What determines the span of control
Similarity andsimplicity of tasks
Supervisor managerial skills
Intra-pre-neur VS Entrepreneur
-Intrapreneurshipis the act of behaving like an entrepreneur while working within a large organization
-Entrepreneurshipmore is the process of designing, launching and running a new business, i.e. a start-up company offering a product, process or service for own risk
Differences between service and goods manufacturing operations:
Services are tend to be intangible and unstorable
Examples: hiring an attorney to get legal expertise, and child day care
Consumers use different measures to judge services and goods because services include intangibles
3 types of utility made possible through operations/production
- Form utility
By converting raw materials and human skills into finished goods and services, a company makes products how people want them
- Time utility
By making products available when customers want them
- Place utility
Goods Production Processes grouping
Activities for one-of-a-kind or custom made production
Service Production Process grouping: the extent of customer contact
Lowcontact system
Operations Scheduling - master production schedule
When do we do what
Four general kinds of schedules
1.Master production schedule -> general backbone timetable of which products will be produced and when
2.Detailed schedule -> daily activities in detail
3.Staff schedules and computer based schedules -> how is doing it
4.Project schedules -> special out of routine projects, tool that is often used is the Gannt Chart, or PERT Schedule
Quality improvement teams
What are the basic forms of employee behaviour in organizations
- Organizational citizenship
- Counterproductive behavior
Personality traits at Work
Concepts and Theory of Motivation; Classical Theory
Taylor – scientific focus on work tasks & productivity. (1911)
Satisfactory pay & job security – motivate (Pay) employees to work hard.
What is the primary reason for accepting a position in Western Europe?
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: Once one need has been met you will not necessarily need more of it (example job security)
McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y: two radical different management views
Contemporary theory: Expectancy Theory
Expectancy Theory (Victor Vroom): maximizing motivation
Techniques for enhancing motivation
MReinforcement/behaviour modification;
Positive reinforcement vs punishment
What are the 3 Approaches to Leadership
Trait = leaders have a unique set of qualities
behavioral = task focused leadership( goals, performance ) + employee focused leadership.
Situational approaches
Assumes thatleadershipbehaviorvariesfromonesituationtoanother.
It depends on elements of thesituationandcharacteristics of boththe leader andthefollowers.
3 forms of Leadership through the eyes of followers
1.Transformational leadership
2.Transactional leadership
3.Charismatic leadership
What is Rational decision making proces
Options
Choose
Act
Evaluate
What are the 5 Behavioral aspects of decionmaking
Escalation of commitment to a chosen course of action
Risk propensity - your willingness to take calculated risk
Intuition - innate belief... it feels right
6 Emerging issues in Leadership
Ethical leadership
Virtual leadership
Leader as coaches
Gender and leadership
Cross cultural leadership
What are the 4 decision-making styles
1.Autocratic
2.Democratic
3.Free-reign
4.Contingency
How do we select human resources out of our pool of applicants
Tests
Interviews
What does OHSA stand for?
Contingent (temporary) workers
What is Collective bargaining
What happens When Bargaining fails
Management tactics: Lockouts, Strike-breakers
Union and management can agree to call in third party
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
- A unique study and practice tool
- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
