Summary: March's Advanced Organic Chemistry Reactions, Mechanisms, And Structure | 9781119371809 | Michael B Smith

Read the summary and the most important questions on March's Advanced Organic Chemistry Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure | 9781119371809 | Michael B. Smith

• 10 SN2 Reactions

• 10.1 10-1 Attack of a hydroxyl at an alkyl carbon

• What ion is usually required to convert an alkyl halide to an alcohol?

  Hydroxide ion

• What solvents will enable alkyl halides to by hydrolyzed by water?

  
  HMPA
  ionic

• Which type of halide is generally unreactive in the conversion of alkyl halides to alcohols?

  Vinylic halides

• 10.2 10-8 Alkoxylation: The Williamson Reaction

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• The Williamson reaction is the best general method for preparing what?

  Symmetrical and unsymmetrical ethers

• What types of solvents are usually used in a Williamson reaction? Give two examples.

  Aprotic solvents: THF, ether

• 10.3 10-10 Alkylation w/inorganic esthers

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• What two products can be formed by treating alkoxides/aroxides with methyl sulfate?

  
  Methyl ethers of alcohols
  phenols

• 16 16.A Mechanism and Reactivity

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• The reactions in this chapter involve addition to what?

  Carbon-oxygen, carbon-nitrogen, and carbon-sulfur double bonds, and carbon-nitrogen triple bonds.

• Why is the carbonyl carbon the atom that is always attacked in these reactions by a nucleophile?

  The carbonyl carbon carries a partial positive charge dues the electron withdrawing nature of the oxygen/nitrogen/sulfur.

• What is generated in the normal acyl addition of a nucleophile to a ketone?

  An alkoxide

• What is the product when an alkoxide is hydrolyzed?

  An alcohol