Mechanical Properties of Metals - Plastic Deformation

11 important questions on Mechanical Properties of Metals - Plastic Deformation

What is plastic deformation?

Plastic deformation occurs when the stress and strain are no longer proportional and permanent deformation occurs.

What is the phenomenon of yielding?

Yielding occurs at the stress level at which elastic deformation stops and plastic deformation begins.

How is the point of yielding determined?

The point of yielding may be determined as the initial departure from linearity of the stress-strain curve.
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How is the yield strength determined using the 0.002 strain offset method?

A straight line is constructed parallel to the elastic portion of the stress-strain curve, starting at the 0.002 strain point instead of the origin. The point where the constructed line and the stress-strain curve meet is defined as the yield strength.

For steels that exhibit a stress-strain behaviour where the elastic-plastic transition occurs abruptly and an apparent decrease in engineering stress occurs, how is the yield strength determined?

The average of the lower yield point is taken as the yield strength. It is not necessary to use the strain offset method.

What is the tensile strength?

The tensile strength is the maximum on the engineering stress-strain curve. This is the maximum stress that can be sustained by a structure in tension.

How is ductility expressed?

As percentage elongation:

As percentage reduction in area:

When is a material brittle and when ductile?

When a material breaks with no or little deformation it is termed brittle. When the opposite is true it is termed ductile or forgiving.

Assuming linear elastic region how is the resilience computed?



In which is the strain at yielding.

How is true stress defined?

As the load F devided by the instantaneous cross-section area.

How are true and engineering stress and strain related?

Conversion of engineering stress to true stress:

Conversion of engineering strain to true strain:

This is only true on the onset of necking and when there is no change in volume.

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