Summary: Maximal Neuromuscular Performance

Read the summary and the most important questions on Maximal Neuromuscular Performance

• Voorbereiding Totaal

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• Name the basic anatomy of a skeletal muscle cell:

  • epimysium
  • basal lamina
  • sarcolemma
  • myofibrills
  • sarcomere
  • actin
  • myosin

• What do the 'bands' in sarcomeres stand for?

  Z band: the connection between sarcomeres
  M band: the tissue that connects myosin filaments in the middle of a sarcomere
  I band: zone of actin filaments that do NOT overlap with myosin filaments
  A band: the entire length of myosin filaments
  H band: the zone of myosin filaments that does NOT overlap actin filaments

• Describe the contraction of a muscle fiber:

  • Actiepotentiaal
    
  • Voortgeleiding via T-tubuli
    
  • Vrijkomen Ca2+ uit het sarcoplasmatisch reticulum
    
  • Binden Ca2+ aan Tn-C
    
  • Vrijkomen aankoppelpunt op actine door wegdraaien tropomyosine
    
  • Koppelen S1 aan actine
    
  • Powerstroke
    
  • Ontkoppelen van S1 door binden ATP aan S1
    

• What does the Force-Velocity relationship explain?

  relatively high forces are attained at relatively low contractile velocities

• Considering the Force-Velocity relationship, when is maximal Power attained?

  At 30% of the maximal contractile velocity.

• Explain the crossbridge kinetics during 1 powerstroke:

  1. ATP binds myosin head
  2. Myosin head is released from actin
  3. ATP is phosphorylated into ADP and Pi
  4. Myosin head binds actin
  5. Powerstroke
  6. ADP leaves the myosin head

• What is a muscle twitch?

  A composed actionpotential (M-wave) that induces a short burst of Force.

• What is a Tetanus?

  A series of twitches that follow in rapid succession.

• Explain the Stimulation frequency - Force relationship

  Calcium is key here, electrical stimulation enables an action potential to release Ca2+ from the SR. The Ca2+ induces a contraction. The more often you stimulate the Ca2+ release, the more contractions up till the point the Ca2+ cannot be cleared fast enough which results in a plateau of the generated Force.

• Artikelen College 1

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• What was the aim of the study on box jumps?

  To study the relation between two common force modifications in skeletal muscle:
  
  

  •   prolonged force depression induced by unaccustomed eccentric contractions
    
  • residual force depression observed immediately after active shortening