RNA gene expression
6 important questions on RNA gene expression
How can gene expression be influenced?
- this leads to transcriptional activation
What are the differences between eukaryote en prokaryote transcription?
- RNA pol binds directly to the promotor
- regulator proteins bind on or near RNA pol binding site
Eur: Intrones are sliced out, RNA gets 5' GPPP cap en polyA tail
- RNA polymerase binds through initiation complex (TATA box) to promoter
- regulator proteins bind distantly to the DNA and influence RNA polymerase activity
Why is it important for mRNA to have a 5' cap and a poly A tail?
- Initiation factors for protein synthesis recognize the cap and translation can be initiated
- protects mRNA from degradation
- necessary for transport of the mRNA out the nucleus and guiding to the ribosome
- protects mRNA from degradation
- necessary for transport of the mRNA out the nucleus and guiding to the ribosome
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What needs to happen before transcription factors can bind?
- histone proteins determine chromatin structure
How can histone modification be recognized?
What are microRNA and siRNA?
siRNA = small RNA that interfere mRNA to suppress genes. A tool to suppress genes by host or virus/cancer
- can be through help by piwi proteins
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