Host defense - Auto-immunity [21%] - Myasthenia gravis

29 important questions on Host defense - Auto-immunity [21%] - Myasthenia gravis

Which hypersensitivity type is tissue specific?

Type II

Which hypersensitivity type is mostly cytotoxic?

Type II

What percentage of myasthenia gravis is acquired (auto-immune)?

99%
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What is attacked/compromised in myasthenia gravis, what location?

Neuromuscular junction

What does MuSK recruit?

Acetylcholine receptors

What does agrin bind?

Lrp4

Where do antibodies bind in LEMS?

VGCC

What do patients with antibodies against AChR on their muscles have?

Acetylcholinereceptor myasthenia

Which type of myasthenia gravis is focussed on the head primarily the eyes and the upper torso? Abbreviation is fine

AChR MG

Which form of MG has predominant muscle weakness of the upper legs, towards cranial progressively

LEMS

What part of the complement system inflicts damage in cytotoxic mechanism 2 in MG

MAC

What two things are lost due to Cytotoxic mechanism 2 in MG?

3D structure, receptors

What is the mechanism called that due to crosslinking receptors are endocytosed, internalized and degraded in the tissue?

Noncytotoxic mechanism

What other mechanism is there apart from cytotoxic mechanism 2 and noncytotoxic mechanism to impair transmission from the synapse to the muscle?

Direct functional block

What is ascending weakness a clinical clue for?

LEMS

What type of MG is associated with sweating, dry mouth and erectile dysfunction?

LEMS

What type of antibodies are VGCC antibodies?

IgG1, IgG3

Which mechanisms are used in LEMS

Direct functional block, noncytotoxic mechanism

What plays a less important role in LEMS than in MG

Complement system

Which MG has slurred speech and problems swallowing?

MUSK MG

Which type og MG have respiratory crises in 50% of some cases at some point

MUSK MG

What antibody is associated with MUSK

IgG4

Which IgG does not bind complement, and does not activate Fc receptor mediated cytotoxicity?

IgG4

What IgG can exchange Fab sites with other antibodies and become bispecific at the cost of becoming monovalent binding?

IgG4

Linking between what two molecules does IgG4 binding to MuSK obstruct?

LRP4, MuSK

What type of mechanism is associated with MuSK?

Direct functional block

What tumor is associated with LEMS

Small cell lung cancer

What type of MG is pemphigus vulgaris close too if you look at its underlying molecular mechanisms? IgG4, direct block, no tumor association and DQ5-DR14 HLA?

MuSK

Which hypersensitivity type is associated with MG

Type II

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