Histology kidney
21 important questions on Histology kidney
What is the relation between the histology and function in the kidney?
- Glomerulus: single layered squamous epithelium (filtration)
- Proximal tube: cuboidal epithelium with microvilli (reabsorption so you need a big surface)
- Distal tubule: cuboidal epithelium
What are the components of the nephron?
- Renal capsule
- Tubule
What is located in the renal capsule?
- Glomerulus (capillary network)
- Capsular space (where filtrate will be kept)
- Glomerular capsule
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What is the tubule of the kidney?
How can you distinguish the cortex and medulla?
- The cortex contains corpuscles
- The medulla doesn't contain corpuscles
What are the differences between the cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons?
How is the blood circulation in the nephron?
What are the functions of the peritubular capillaries?
- Reabsorption of water
- Feed cells of the tubules O2
Where does filtration happen and how does it happen?
Can you describe the histology of the glomerular capsule?
- Outer capsule contains single-layered squamous epithelium
- The glomerular capillaries are covered by visceral epithelium
- Separated by the capsular space
What is the visceral epithelium?
What are filtration slits? What molecules fit through these slits?
What is meant with the filtration membrane in the kidney?
- Fenestrated capillaries
- Basal lamina
- Filtration slits
What are mesangial cells?
What happens to the filtration membranes in a diabetes mellitus patient?
What are the different renal tubules?
- Proximal tubule (close to glomerulus)
- Distal tubule (far from glomerulus)
- Nephron loop (in between proximal and distal tubule, in medulla)
What are the differences in the three parts of the nephron loop?
- Thick descending part: similar function as proximal tube (reabsorption of ions)
- Thin descending part: permeable for water but not for solutes. Needed to concentrate the urine.
- Thick ascending part: creates high concentrations of solutes in the peritubular solution
What are the functions of the distal tubule?
- Active addition of ions, acids, medicine (antibiotics), and toxic compounds to urine
- Selective reabsorption of sodium and calcium ions from urine
- Selective reabsorption of water: concentrate urine
Which hormones are secreted by the kidney? Why?
What is the juxtoglomerular complex?
What does the juxtaglomerular complex exist of?
- Macula densa: epithelial cells of the distal tubule, with sensory function (osmolarity)
- Juxtaglomerular cells: smooth muscle cells in the wall of the vas afferens, with sensory function (O2) and secretion function (EPO, renin)
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