Decision making by individuals and firms
5 important questions on Decision making by individuals and firms
What does the opportunity cost include? What is its formula, and what other things does it include
- It states that the cost of a decision isn't just the monetary value to obtain that decision, but also the time and resources used up to fulfill that decision.
- The opportunity cost is the Explicit cost plus the implicit cost.
- should include any of my own resources for the activity.
What is the cost that people should ignore when making decisions? Why should they be ignored?
- Sunk costs are the costs that people should ignore when making decisions
- this is because the sunk costs has already occurred as the name suggests they have already sunk, and cannot be recovered.
- once something cant be recovered it is irrelevant in making decisions about what to do in the future .
When to consider sunk costs while making decisions about the future? Can they change you future decisions
- Only consider sunk costs if you have not already made them meaning if those haven't occurred then it is okay to consider them.
- they might make you change your decision about the future.
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How is it rational to make irrational decisions, that leave people worse off?
What are the three reasons economists still use models based on rational behavior when people are at times irrational?
- This is because models for rational behavior still provide predictions about how people behave in MOST markets
- sometimes the market forces the irrational to become rational, by disciplining their mistakes (irrationality) in the for of significant losses, rationality will win over time, and they will become rational.
- economists depend on the assumption of rationality for the simple but fundamental reason that it makes modelling so much simpler by generalizing harder and messier models.
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