Summary: Molecular Biology Labo

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  • 1 DNA isolation and start-up PCR

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  • What is the aim of this experiment?

    In this experiment we are going to isolate DNA from the cheek using salt wash. Then we will try to detect a DNA polymorphism using PCR. You will detect an Alu insertion polymorphism situated on chromosome 8, in the neighbourhood of the TPA gene
  • In which genotypes does the PV92 system result?

    In three types (++, +-, --)
  • How can we seperated the + and - allels?

    By size using gel electrophoresis
  • How are Alu elements classified?

    As SINEs: Short INtersperesed Elements
  • What is the lenght of Alus?

    Approximately 300 bp
  • How many Alu copies does the human chromosomes contain?

    About 1 000 000 000 which equal 10% of the total genome.
  • Alu is an expample of a so-called "juming gene" what is that?

    A transponsable DNA sequence that "reproduces" by copying itself and inserting into new chromosome locations
  • Why is Alu classified as a retroposon?

    Because it is though to require the retrovirus enzyme reverse transcriptase (rt) enzyme to make a mobile copy of itself.
  • Give the scheme to explain how Alu elements transpose?

    • First, the inserted Alu is transcribed into messenger RNA by the cellular RNA polymerase
    • Then the mRNA is converted to a double-stranded DNA molecule by reverse transcriptase
    • Finally, the DNA copy of Alu is intergrated into new chromosomal locus at the site of single - or double-stranded break
  • What is the function of th RNA polymerase III in each Alu element?

    It is an internal promoter to independently initiate transcription of itself.
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