Genetics, sport and exercise: background and methods
13 important questions on Genetics, sport and exercise: background and methods
What does kinesiogenomics stand for?
On which two pillars does a sporting performance rely?
- genetics
- environmental factors
Which DNA-sequencing method is described in this chapter?
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Which two genetic traits can be distinguished?
- Mendelian, mongenic (one gene) and oligogenic traits (a few genes)
- Polygenic, multifactorial or continuous traits (cumulative effect of multiple genes)
How can the variability of traits be estimated?
Which kind of DNA has a mediating role in the adaptation to exercise?
How can a cell with mutated DNA be prevented from dividing?
What does polymorphism stand for?
Do common or rare mutations contribute the most to sport- and exercise related traits?
What does the mastermix in a PCR reaction comprise of?
- Forward and reverse primers (bind at both ends of the DNA single strand)
- Taq polymerase (synthesizes a DNA double strand)
- Nucleotides
- Buffer (with Mg2+)
What controls the reactions in PCR?
What are the three main steps in PCR?
- Denaturation (splitting double strand)
- Annealing (binding of primers)
- Extension (binding of Taq polymerase)
How can products of PCR be seperated for analysis?
- gel-elektroforesis
- DNA-sequencing
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