Internal external focus - learning experiences - closed and open loop

18 important questions on Internal external focus - learning experiences - closed and open loop

Open control, type of movements

-short, fast (forceful) movements, which cannot rely on feedback loops because they're too slow 
(jump, kick, punch, hit)
-overlearned movements without precision (especially closed environment

Characteristics of open loop system

-advance instructions are given that specify operating sequencing, timing
-when program is initiated it carries out instruction without modifications
-feedback is not used during completely programmed movement
-no detection of correction of errors

What is the picture of open loop control, black box model?

input

human

output
  • Higher grades + faster learning
  • Never study anything twice
  • 100% sure, 100% understanding
Discover Study Smart

Limitations closed loop control

control is slow
controlling ballistic movements is not possible because the MT is too short
(fast movements with short duration can't be corrected after on set)

Typically closed loop controlled movements

*during action
slow movements
eye-hand coordination
new, unknown not controlled movements
high level of accuracy
disturbing of the planned trajectory

*maintaining static posture
making handstand

Characteristics of the M3 response

most flexible response
affects all body muscles
depending of task and environment
involves anticipation of sensory information
depends on decision making processes, complexity of the task
number of stimulus-response alternatives

Route of M3 response

all levels in model

Goal of M3 response

making adaptations in relation to task and environment

What for response is M3

voluntary reaction-time response
120-180ms

What for response is M2

longer loop
polysynaptic, functional stretch reflex

The goal of M2 response

small adjustments to movement

The route of M2 response

muscle spindle-spinal cord-ascends to higher brain level (motor cortex)-processing information-spinal cord-activation muscles

Effect of the M2 response

depending on task, limb in new position or remaining same position

Characteristics of the M2 response

sensory information muscle force& length, joint position, body position
involuntary-automatic - non-conscious
sensible for instruction
little choices, poor flexibility

What for response is M1 

myotatisch reflex

Characteristics of M1 response

sensory; muscle length and tension
involuntary-nonconscious- automatic
no choices, not flexible

Route M1 response

rmuscle spindle-spinal cord-single connection-directly back to same spindle

Effect of M1 response

increasing contraction: stiffness

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

  • A unique study and practice tool
  • Never study anything twice again
  • Get the grades you hope for
  • 100% sure, 100% understanding
Remember faster, study better. Scientifically proven.
Trustpilot Logo