Periodontology
20 important questions on Periodontology
Alveolar Crest Fibers
resists tilting and horizontal forces
Healthy / Early plaque species
Actinomyces- gram + rod`
Bacteria associated with disease
Fusobacterium nucleatum - biofilm, gram - rod
Campylobacter rectus - perio and pregnancy inflammation, gram -
Prevotella intermedia - perio and pregnancy inflammation, gram -
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans - aggressive perio, gram - rod
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Bacteria associated with NUG/NUP
Prevotella Intermedia - gram - rod, pregnancy inflammation
Porphyromonas Gingivalis - gram - rod
Fusobacterium
Class I Furcations
penetrates furca no more than 1mm
Class IV Furcations
Healthy Periodontia on Radiographs
contour of the alveolar bone should follow CEJ
intact, distinct radiopaque lamina dura
PDL space visible and uniform
Diseased Periodontia on Radiographs
loss of bone in furcation areas
best evaluated by bitewings
Class I mobility
Herpes Vs. Aphthous Ulcers
AU are nonkeratinized mucosa
Herps are vesicles then ulcers
AU are not vesicles
Herps treatment- acyclovir
AU treatment- steroids and anti-inflammatories
Genetic Disorders that can cause Perio disease
Down Syndrome
Autoimmune disorders
Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases
NUG- affects gingiva only
associated with spirochetes
Tetracycline is treatment of choice because it concentrates in GCF
punched out papilla, odor, pain, severe inflammation
Stage I of Periodontal lesions
2-4 days
no clinical changes
vasodilation
increased white blood cells
increased flow of GCF
Stage II of Periodontal lesions
4-7 days
gingivitis appears
bleeding
Stage III of Periodontal lesions
2-3 weeks
overgrowth causes redness
increased probing depths from gingival enlargement
Stage IV of Periodontal lesions
3 weeks- years
transition from gingivitis to periodontitis
irreversible
osteoclasts and bone loss
Diabetes mellitus and perio
xerostomia
candidiasis
delayed wound healing
Blood cell dyscrasias and perio
Hormonal effects and perio
Four stages of fibrous repair
2. wound cleansing
3. tissue rebuilding
4. wound remodeling
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