Firewalls

4 important questions on Firewalls

What does the simplest type of firewall do?

Analyzes traffic and applies filtering rules at the level of packets.

What 4 sources are used in a packet filter?

  1. Header information of the network layer protocol (source and dest. ip, ip prio etc)
  2. Header information of the transport layer protocol (UDP/TCP port numbers)
  3. General packet structure, for ex. verification that the incoming packet is indeed as long as for example the header claims it is.
  4. Conformity of the header information to the documented standard.

What is the second most simple firewall type? How does it work?

Stateful firewalls, it will also keep track of the state of transactions and find packets that belong together.
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What 2 advanced firewall types were presented?

  1. Proxy gateways - Controlling the usage of specific applications per client as well as augment packet filtering with authentication and accounting.
  2. Application-level gateways - Operates at the application layer and extends the circuit-based proxy services of the proxy gateway with the functionality to parse and interpret the relayed content.

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