Hippocampus - Gene regulation in the brain

10 important questions on Hippocampus - Gene regulation in the brain

Which are the proteins that are mostly produced by neurons that are not matured yet?

Nestin, GFAP, DCX.

Which are the proteins that are mostly produced by differentiated (matured) neurons?

NeuN, calretinin and calbindin.

What is the process of protein expression?

  1. First there is a signal that will unfold the chromatin into euchromatin
  2. The DNA is transcribed into RNA.
  3. RNA processing takes place and mRNA is transported out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
  4. In the cytoplasm mRNA is translated into polypeptide chain.
  5. The protein is then processed into an active protein and transported to the cellular destination where it can fulfill the cellular functions.
  • Higher grades + faster learning
  • Never study anything twice
  • 100% sure, 100% understanding
Discover Study Smart

In which three processes can DNA be made available for transcriptions?

  1. Acetylation
  2. Methylations
  3. Phosphorylation.

How is gene expression regulated on DNA level?


The way how chromatin is folded determines whether it can be translated or not. When it needs to be translated the histone tails will protrude outward an acetylation takes place which promotes the loose the chromatin structures which makes it available for DNA transcription

What can happen when the epigenetic regulations are not in balance?

Then the right proteins are not expressed which happens in certain diseases such as depression.

What are some examples of proteins that are always needed in the cell?

- Cytoskeleton proteins
- Transport proteins.
- Postsynaptic density proteins
- AMPAR subunits

What is important in neuronal and synaptic plasticity?

They require up and up down regulation of expression in time, because not all proteins are always needed on the same time.

How is the number of proteins in a cell regulated?


The number or proteins in a cell is regulated by the protein degradation with use of proteases.

How is the formation of active proteins regulated?


By post- translation protein modification, where proteins are being tagged with a chemical group which can affect their behavior or degraded are being degraded.

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

  • A unique study and practice tool
  • Never study anything twice again
  • Get the grades you hope for
  • 100% sure, 100% understanding
Remember faster, study better. Scientifically proven.
Trustpilot Logo