Glia development

20 important questions on Glia development

Where do OPC come from in the neural tube?

pMN site in a neuron --> OL --> astrocyte order.

What is the specific importance of SHH in oligodendrocyte formation? day 9-11

It is needed for formation of OPCs from pMN

What is the second source of OPC from neural tube?

dP3-5
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How are transgenic mice generated?

  • prom/enhancer site of GOI linked to another gene (with CRE conditional knockout)
  • full knockout
  • inducible conditional knockout (tamoxifen)

How does Conditional knockout work?

Expression of Cre when gene turns on, Cre cuts specific gene out.

What is the functional significance of inducible conditional knockouts?

The knockout at a specific point in time.

How do people study gene expression in embryo?

Knockouts and GFP.

Can all glia cell type repopulate brain regions even if a certain populate is absent?

Only for oligodendrocytes

How does NGN2 induce motor neuron or oligodendrocyte formation?

First being high inducing Notch signaling, then negative feedback which also upregulates radial glia formation.

What is the function of the Notch?

Induce cell fate and derepression of JAK-STAT pathway.

How do JAK-STAT and cytokines induce glia fate?

Hypermethylation of transcriptor regions.

What is an important receptor that induce gliogenesis after neurogenesis?

Notch signaling.

What is the role of Sox9 in gliogenesis?

Generation of precursors for oligodendrocytes and astrocytes.

What is the role of IA and IB?

induction of glyic generation program, works together with Notch.

Which factors and receptor are most implicated in gioneogenesis? see slide

  • Sox9
  • NFIA
  • NFIB
  • Notch --> HES

What is the main difference in gene expression between mice and chic?

mouse: OPC arise before dorsal expression
Chick: OPC when Olig2 and Nkx2.2 overlap

What is the difference between pre-oligo and mature?

The distribution through the brain and brain region.

What is the specific cell for PLP?

Mature oligodendrocytes

How did the Science 2013 show that WM and GM oligodendrocytes have intrinsically different maturation capacity?

White matter cells in grey matured while grey in grey did not. White and grey in white mature.

also, mature is more parallel compared to ramified for progenitors.

What to remember from oligodendrocytes of both Science papers?

Oligodendrocytes can be intrinsically different and give rise to multiple subtypes depending on environmental cues.

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

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