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The temporale lobes

34 important questions on The temporale lobes

Function temporale lobe

It is the primary auditory cortex, secondary auditory and visual cortex + limbic cortex.

Function lateral surface temporale lobe

Auditory and ventral visuel stream (inferotemporal cortex)

Function superior temporal sulcus (STS)

Separates the superior and middle temporal gyri and houses a significant amount of cortex.

Why is the temporale lobe a multi-modal lobe?

Because it receives auditory, visual and somatosensory information

Which compartments can we find in the medial temporal region?

Amygdala, hippocampus, entorhinal cortex and fusiform gyrus

Function hierarchical system

Information runs from the primary to the secondary auditory and visual areas via the ventral stream. It ends in the temporal lobe. Function is stimulus recognition.

Function polymodal pathway

Projections from the visual and auditory associative areas to the superior temporal sulcus. Function: stimulus categorization and identification.

Function frontal lobe projections

Projections to the frontal cortex. Function: movement control, emotion, short-term memory

What are the three basic sensory functions of the temporale cortex?

Processing auditory input (primary, secondary and tertiary)
Visual object recognition
Long-term storage of sensory input - memory

Function inferotemporal cortex

Developing object categories

What is cross-modal matching?

Matching visual and auditory information. It depends on the STS.

Where depends long-term memory on?

Entire ventral visual stream and paralimbic cortex of the medial temporal lobe.

Function inferior occipital gyri (face recognition)

Early perception of facial features. It needs the occipital cortex to see.

Function fusiform face area

Invariant aspect of faces: perception of unique identity.

Function STS (face recognition)

Changeable aspects of faces

Function auditory cortex (face recognition)

Prelexical speech perception

Function intraparietal sulcus (face recognition)

Spatially directed attention. Think you recognize someone from far away.

Function amygdala, insula and limbic system (face recognition)

Emotion of a face

Function aterior temporal cortex

Personal identity. Logical because this area regulates impulse controle, this determines your personality.

Where leads damage in the left temporal lobe to?

Disturbance in verbal memory and processing speech sounds

Where leads damage in the right temporale lobe to?

Disturbance in nonverbal memory such as processing music

Where leads lesion in the primary auditory cortex to?

Increase in threshold of pitch and intensity of sound

Where leads lesion in the secondary auditory area to?

Difficulties in comprehension of speech. Consequences differs per left and right hemisphere.

LH: aphasia of wernicke --> disturbance in discrimination

RH: amusia (not enjoying music) and aprosodia (disturbance in localizing sounds in space, also loss of melody in your voice.)

Symptoms wernicke's aphasia

Speech sounds get intermingled
Disturbed recognition of words
Not being able to regulate own speech
Has a large effect on speech, reading, writing and repetition

Symptoms pure word deafness

Disturbance in the connection between the primary and secondary temporal auditory areas leads to:

Decline in recognition speech sound
Cannot understand an spoke word, but able to read, write and speak normal
Comprehension of non-speech sounds is normal
Lesion anterior superior temporal gyri, in particular in the left side
Disconnection Wernicke's area - auditory input

What are the 9 principal symptoms associated with disease of the temporale lobe?

Disturbance of auditory sensation and perception
Disorders of music perception
Disorders of visual perception
Disturbance in the selection of visual and auditory input
Impaired organization and categorization of sensory input
Inability to use contextual information
Impaired longe-term memory
Altered personality and affective behavior
Altered sexual behavior

What includes the core system for face perception?

It analysis the visuals with occipitale and temporal regions

What includes the extended system for face perception?

It processes the visual information with other neural systems.

Damage in the left posterior temporal leads to..

Patients can recognize the broader categorization but have difficulty with the more specific one.

Which four functional zones the temporal lobe consist of?

Auditory (superior temporal gyrus)
Visual (inferotemporal cortex)
Emotion (amygdala)
Spatial navigation, spatial and object memory (hippocampus and associated cortex)

In which characteristics for auditory information the temporale lob is specialized in?

Speed (LH) and frequency (RH)

What are the consequences of lesion in the medial temporal lobe?

Deficits in affect, personality, spatial navigation and object memory

Consequences of disturbance in the temporal tertiary visual areas

Disturbance in recognition, perception and memory of faces
Missing subtle social signals
Difficult to estimate a visual signal
Visual imagination

Consequences of disturbance in the temporal tertiary areas

Problems in interpreting and using information in the correct context. This context may be important for face recognition. Its due to damage in the temporal right side.

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

neuropsychologie

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